纤细碎米荠查看源代码讨论查看历史
纤细碎米荠 |
中文学名:纤细碎米荠 拉丁学名:Cardamine gracilis (O. E. Schulz) T. Y. Cheo et R. C. Fang 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:罂粟目 亚 目:白花菜亚目 科:十字花科 族:南芥族 属:碎米荠属 亚 属:碎米荠组 分布区域:云南省 生 境:湿草甸 是否中国特有:是 是否引种栽培:非人工引种栽培 |
纤细碎米荠(学名:Cardamine gracilis)是十字花科碎米荠属的植物,是中国的特有植物。
分布于中国大陆的云南等地,生长于海拔2,900米的地区,多生长于沼泽地,目前尚未由人工引种栽培。 [1]
纤细碎米荠形态特征
多年生草本,高20-30厘米,全体无毛。根状茎延长,匍匐,于节上密生须根。
茎基部倾卧,上部直立,不分枝,表面有沟棱。茎上着生多数叶片,羽状复叶,无叶柄,小叶形小,7-13对,排列紧密,顶生小叶与侧生小叶大小近似,顶生小叶倒卵形或近于圆形,长3-8毫米,宽1.5-7毫米,顶端圆,边缘有2-4个钝齿,有短柄,侧生小叶卵形或狭长卵形,顶端钝,边缘有1-4个钝齿或全缘,基部不对称;生于茎上部的叶,小叶较小较狭。
总状花序顶生,花梗细,长2-12毫米;萼片长卵形,长4-5毫米,边缘膜质,内萼片基部呈囊状;花瓣紫色或玫瑰红色,倒卵形,长6-7毫米,顶端截形,基部阔楔形;短雄蕊长约4.5毫米,长雄蕊长约5.5毫米,花丝扁平,稍扩大;雌蕊略短于长雄蕊,花柱短,柱头头状。
果实未见。花期5-7月。
Herbs perennial, 10-35(-50) cm tall, glabrous throughout, semiaquatic. Rhizomes slender, to 10 cm or longer, 0.5-3 mm in diam. Stems erect, simple, striate angled, rooting from lower and sometimes middle nodes. Basal rosettes absent. Cauline leaves 10-20 per stem, (1.5-)2.5-7.5(-9) cm × (1.5-)4-14(-17) mm; petiole absent or rarely to 2 mm; terminal leaflet narrowly obovate, oblong, or rarely broadly ovate, (2-)3-8(-9) × (0.5-)1.5-5(-7) mm, petiolule 0.5-2 mm, base cuneate or rarely obtuse, margin obscurely 1-3-toothed on each side, apex acute, submucronate; lateral leaflets (6 or)7-12(-15) pairs, linear or narrowly oblong, asymmetric, slightly smaller than terminal lobe, sessile or rarely with a petiolule to 0.5 mm, base oblique, proximal margin 1- or 2(or 3)-toothed, distal margin entire or rarely obscurely 1- or 2-toothed, apex acute; proximal pair of lateral leaflets auriclelike, attached at or just above node, often giving appearance of amplexicaul leaf base. Racemes terminal, 10-20-flowered. Fruiting pedicels divaricate, 0.8-2.2 cm, slender. Sepals oblong or ovate, 3-4 × 1.2-2 mm, spreading, margin membranous, base of lateral pair subsaccate. Petals lavender with darker veins, spatulate, 6-8 × 2-3 mm, spreading, apex rounded. Filaments spreading, dilated at base, subequal, median pairs 3.5-5 mm, lateral pair 3-4.5 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, 1.3-1.6 mm. Ovules 10-14 per ovary. Fruit linear, 2-4 cm × ca. 1.5 mm; gynophore ca. 0.5 mm; valves smooth, glabrous; style 4-6 mm. Seeds brown, oblong, 1.7-2 × ca. 1.3 mm, winged all around; wing ca. 0.4 mm wide. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Jul-Oct.
纤细碎米荠生长环境
生长于海拔2900米的沼泽地。