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达·芬奇《美丽的费隆妮叶夫人》
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美麗的費隆妮葉夫人》(La belle ferronnière)被认为是達芬奇于大约1483年到1500年之间所画的一幅肖像畫,这幅肖像画从某种程度上被认为是《蒙娜丽莎》画作的前身,現藏於盧浮宮。此畫有時也被稱作《無名女士的肖像》。盧浮宮方面認為這幅畫是達芬奇在米蘭求學時所做的作品。[1]

畫作女模

根據畫作17世紀時的標題“La belle ferronnière”顯示,所繪者可能是一名鐵匠(即ferronnière)的女兒或妻子。達芬奇的《抱銀鼠的女子》有時也用《美麗的費隆妮葉夫人》為標題。不過實際上此畫的主人公究竟是誰並沒有公論。她一度被認為是切奇利婭·加萊拉尼[2] 但有學者認為這位女子應該是盧多維科·斯福爾扎之妻貝亞特麗斯·德斯特[3] 也有人認為這是斯福爾扎的情婦盧克雷齊婭·克里韋利[4]

此外,伯納德·貝倫松認為其應是貝爾納迪諾·德·康蒂(Bernardino de' Conti)。[5] 喬瓦尼·安東尼·博塔費奧則認為應是赫伯特·庫克(Herbert Cook)。[6]

贗品

坎薩斯城藝術學院的一個版本曾被認為是真品,[7] 但後來被鑑定為偽作。所有者Andrée Lardoux Hahn女士因此將許多知名鑑定人以誹謗罪告上法庭。[8][9] 這場官司耗費了六萬美元但沒有得到顯著成效。[10][11] 2010年1月28日以“可能在1750年以前由列奧納多的追隨者所繪”為名以150萬美元的價格被人拍走,買主是身份未知的美國收藏家。[12]

此外還有一幅十九世紀的複製品藏於尚貝里的藝術館中。[13]

參考文獻

  1. A. Brejon de Lavergnée and D. Thiébaut,Catalogue sommaire illustré des peintures du musée du Louvre (1981:193).
  2. Luke Syson and Larry Keith, Leonado Da Vinci: Painter at the Court of Milan, Exhibition Catalogue (National Gallery, London, 2011)
  3. Luke Syson and Larry Keith, Leonado Da Vinci: Painter at the Court of Milan, Exhibition Catalogue, National Gallery (London, 2011)
  4. "Controversial painting 'La Belle Ferronniere', once thought to be a da Vinci, sells for $1.5M" . New York Daily News. Reuters. January 29, 2010.
  5. Berenson, Italian Pictures of the Renaissance: Central Italian and North Italian Schools (1968:48).
  6. Herbert Cook, "Some Notes on the Early Milanese Painters Butinone and Zenale. Part III (Conclusion)-Zenale as a Portrait Painter" The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 5 No. 14 (May 1904:199-2090 p. 201f.
  7. Its earliest secure appearance was its purchase in 1847 by Antoine Vincent, from the collection of the comte de Betz, as from General Louis Tourton. (Brewer).
  8. "The most sensational art trial of the early twentieth century", according to John Brewer, "Art and Science: A Da Vinci Detective Story", Engineering and Science, No. 1/2 (2005); Brewer's The American Leonardo: A Tale of Obsession, Art and Money (New York: Oxford UP, 2009) is the definitive account of the Hahns' unsuccessful marketing of their painting.
  9. Bernard Berenson, Roger Fry, and the directors of the National Gallery, the Rijksmuseum, and others (Brewer).
  10. "Duveen on Da Vinci". Time.com. 1929-02-18 [2013-07-22]. 
  11. [ Displaying Abstract ]. "$500,000 suit hangs on da Vinci fingers: impressions on canvas said to prove master painted picture denounced by Duveen", ''The New York Times'', 5 November 1921. New York Times. 2012-06-10 [2013-07-22]. 
  12. "Mona Lisa She Is Not, but Coveted Nonetheless"
  13. "La belle Ferronière d'après Léonard de Vinci". Culture.gouv.fr. [2013-07-17].