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中文学名:苦条枫 拉丁学名:Acer tataricum subtheiferum 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:无患子目 亚 目:无患子亚目 科:槭树科 属:槭属 |
苦条枫(kǔ tiáo fēng)，学名：Acer tataricum subtheiferum (W. P. Fang) Y. S. Chen & P. C. de Jong，俗名：银桑叶、苦津茶、苦茶槭，异名：Acer ginnala subsp. theiferum Acer tataricum var. acuminatum Acer tataricum var. acuminata ，槭树科槭属植物。 [1]
形态特征
本亚种与原种的区别在于本亚种的叶系薄纸质、卵形或椭圆状卵形，长5-8厘米，宽2.5-5厘米，不分裂或不明显的3-5裂，边缘有不规则的锐尖重锯齿，下面有白色疏柔毛；花序长3厘米，有白色疏柔毛；子房有疏柔毛，翅果较大，长2.5-3.5厘米，张开近于直立或成锐角。花期5月；果期9月。
产华东和华中各省区。生于低海拔的山坡疏林中。模式标本采自江苏南京。
本亚种的树皮、叶和果实都含鞣质、可提制栲胶，又可为黑色染料。树皮的纤维可作人造棉和造纸的原料。嫩叶烘干后可代替茶叶用为饮料，有降低血压的作用，又为夏季丝织工作人员一种特殊饮料，服后汗水落在丝绸上，无黄色斑点。种子榨油，可用以制造肥皂。
Basionym: Acer ginnala Maximowicz subsp. theiferum W. P. Fang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(1): 72. 1979; A. tataricum var. acuminatum Franchet.
Leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, 5-8 × 2.5-5 cm, thinly papery, abaxially white pilose, unlobed or slightly 3- or 5-lobed; lobes marginally duplicately serrate-dentate. Corymb ca. 3 cm, white pubescent. Samara large, wing including nutlet 2.5-3.5 cm, spreading at right or acute angle, glabrous. Fl. May, fr. Sep.
● Sparse forests; below 1800 m. Anhui, N Guangdong, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Zhejiang.
The name "Acer theiferum" (W. P. Fang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 11: 151. 1966) belongs here but was not validly published because two gatherings were indicated as types (Vienna Code, Art. 37.2).
The intended new combination A. ginnala subsp. theiferum W. P. Fang was validly published as the name of a new subspecies because a full and direct reference was given to the Latin description and diagnosis of "A. theiferum" and a single gathering (W. P. Fang 10413, PE) was indicated as the type (Art. 45.1).
One of us (Chang) believes that this subspecies is a form of Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala and should be treated as a synonym of that taxon. However, another of us (Chen) believes that subsp. theiferum is different from subsp. ginnala in its leaf morphology and geographic distribution.
分类文献
Acer ginnala Maxim. subsp. theiferum (Fang) Fang in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 17 (1): 72, 1979. ——A. theiferum Fang, op. cit. 11: 151, 1966.
相关类群
茶条枫 A. tataricum subginnala 天山枫 A. tataricum subsemenovii