苦條楓檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
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中文學名:苦條楓 拉丁學名:Acer tataricum subtheiferum 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:無患子目 亞 目:無患子亞目 科:槭樹科 屬:槭屬 |
苦條楓(kǔ tiáo fēng)，學名：Acer tataricum subtheiferum (W. P. Fang) Y. S. Chen & P. C. de Jong，俗名：銀桑葉、苦津茶、苦茶槭，異名：Acer ginnala subsp. theiferum Acer tataricum var. acuminatum Acer tataricum var. acuminata ，槭樹科槭屬植物。 [1]
形態特徵
本亞種與原種的區別在於本亞種的葉系薄紙質、卵形或橢圓狀卵形，長5-8厘米，寬2.5-5厘米，不分裂或不明顯的3-5裂，邊緣有不規則的銳尖重鋸齒，下面有白色疏柔毛；花序長3厘米，有白色疏柔毛；子房有疏柔毛，翅果較大，長2.5-3.5厘米，張開近於直立或成銳角。花期5月；果期9月。
產華東和華中各省區。生於低海拔的山坡疏林中。模式標本采自江蘇南京。
本亞種的樹皮、葉和果實都含鞣質、可提制栲膠，又可為黑色染料。樹皮的纖維可作人造棉和造紙的原料。嫩葉烘乾後可代替茶葉用為飲料，有降低血壓的作用，又為夏季絲織工作人員一種特殊飲料，服後汗水落在絲綢上，無黃色斑點。種子榨油，可用以製造肥皂。
Basionym: Acer ginnala Maximowicz subsp. theiferum W. P. Fang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(1): 72. 1979; A. tataricum var. acuminatum Franchet.
Leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, 5-8 × 2.5-5 cm, thinly papery, abaxially white pilose, unlobed or slightly 3- or 5-lobed; lobes marginally duplicately serrate-dentate. Corymb ca. 3 cm, white pubescent. Samara large, wing including nutlet 2.5-3.5 cm, spreading at right or acute angle, glabrous. Fl. May, fr. Sep.
● Sparse forests; below 1800 m. Anhui, N Guangdong, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Zhejiang.
The name "Acer theiferum" (W. P. Fang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 11: 151. 1966) belongs here but was not validly published because two gatherings were indicated as types (Vienna Code, Art. 37.2).
The intended new combination A. ginnala subsp. theiferum W. P. Fang was validly published as the name of a new subspecies because a full and direct reference was given to the Latin description and diagnosis of "A. theiferum" and a single gathering (W. P. Fang 10413, PE) was indicated as the type (Art. 45.1).
One of us (Chang) believes that this subspecies is a form of Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala and should be treated as a synonym of that taxon. However, another of us (Chen) believes that subsp. theiferum is different from subsp. ginnala in its leaf morphology and geographic distribution.
分類文獻
Acer ginnala Maxim. subsp. theiferum (Fang) Fang in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 17 (1): 72, 1979. ——A. theiferum Fang, op. cit. 11: 151, 1966.
相關類群
茶條楓 A. tataricum subginnala 天山楓 A. tataricum subsemenovii