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西畴油丹 |
中文学名:西畴油丹 拉丁学名:Alseodaphne sichourensis 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 目:樟目 科:樟科 属:油丹属 种:西畴油丹 分布区域:中国东南部省份 |
西畴油丹(xī chóu yóu dān,学名 Alseodaphne sichourensis H. W. Li,异名:Alseodaphne sichourensis. ),是樟目樟科油丹属多年生常绿乔木,产自云南东南部。生长于石灰山上常绿阔叶林中,海拔1300-1450米 。 [1]
西畴油丹形态特征
常绿乔木,高达30米,胸径达60厘米。一年生枝条圆柱形,粗5—6毫米,红褐色,无毛,散布有纵向开裂的突起的栓质长圆形皮孔及近圆形的大叶痕当年生枝条近圆柱形,通常短小,长4—10厘米,粗4—5毫米,带红色,无毛;
基部有极密集的环状排列的芽鳞痕。顶芽大,卵珠形,长达2. 5厘米,芽鳞宽卵圆形或近圆形,顶端具小突尖头,除基部的常无毛外其余的外面及边缘密被黄褐色短柔毛,紧密覆瓦状排列。
叶互生,疏离,长圆形,长9—20厘米,宽2. 5—5. 7厘米,先端短渐尖,基部楔形或宽楔形,有时一侧略偏斜,近革质,边缘微内卷,上面绿色,下面淡绿色,两面无毛;
羽状脉,中脉直贯叶端,上面在下部略凹陷但在上部却近于平坦,下面十分凸起,侧脉每边约12条,弧曲,近叶缘处网结并消失,两面明显;
横脉和小脉网状,在上面不明显,下面却略呈蜂窠状小窝穴;叶柄长(1. 7)2—5厘米,腹平背凸,无毛,带红色。花未见。
果序圆锥形,短小,长5—8. 5厘米,生于当年生枝条近下部,仅1果发育,果轴带红色,无毛。果椭圆形,长达5厘米,宽3厘米,红色,无毛;果梗粗短,肉质,长约5毫米,顶端直径约4毫米,无毛。[2]
分类文献
Alseodaphne sichourensis H. W. Li in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 17 (2): 70. , Pl. 10, f. 2. 1979.
Trees evergreen, up to 30 m tall, to 60 cm d.b.h. One-year-old branchlets red-brown, terete, 5-6 mm in diam., glabrous, with longitudinally fissured elevated corky and oblong lenticels and large suborbicular leaf scars; current year branchlets reddish, subterete, usually short, 4-10 cm, 4-5 mm in diam., glabrous, with densely clustered annular scale scars at base.
Terminal buds large, ovoid, up to 2.5 cm; bud scales broadly ovate or suborbicular, apiculate at apex, always glabrous, except basal ones densely yellowish brown pubescent outside and on margin, densely imbricate. Leaves alternate, remote; petiole reddish, (1.7-)2-5 cm, plano-convex, glabrous;
leaf blade greenish abaxially, green adaxially, oblong, 9-20 × 2.5-5.7 cm, subleathery, glabrous on both surfaces, midrib straight, extending to leaf apex, very elevated abaxially, slightly impressed on lower part but nearly plane on upper part adaxially, lateral veins ca. 12 pairs, arcuate, interconnected and evanescent near leaf margin, transverse veins and veinlets reticulate, slightly foveolate abaxially, inconspicuous adaxially, base cuneate or broadly cuneate, sometimes slightly oblique on one side, margin slightly involute, apex shortly acuminate.
Flowers unknown. Infructescence paniculate, short, 5-8.5 cm, inserted on lower part of branchlet, only with 1 well-developed fruit; rachis reddish, glabrous. Fruit red, ellipsoid, up to 5 × 3 cm, glabrous; fruit stalk robust, ca. 5 mm, fleshy, ca. 4 mm in diam. on top, glabrous.
● Evergreen broad-leaved forests on limestone mountains; 1300-1500 m. SE Yunnan.
西畴油丹生长环境
生长于石灰山上常绿阔叶林中,海拔1300—1450米。[3]
西畴油丹分布范围
国内主要见于东南部省份。[4]
辨析
本种因枝、叶柄及序轴均带红色,顶芽大型,芽鳞紧密覆瓦状排列,外面及边缘密被黄褐色短柔毛,枝、叶各部分无毛,营养体特征上酷似润楠属植物,且果序仅1果发育,果椭圆形,大型,果梗粗短,在本属中是极易识别的。
参考来源
- ↑ 西畴油丹, 植物智, 2020-01-18
- ↑ 西畴油丹长这样-原创-完整版视频在线观看-爱奇艺 视频时长 01:00 2020年6月29日 - 原来西畴油丹长这样,是原创类高清视频,于2020-06-29上映。视频主要内容:原来西畴油丹长这样。
- ↑ 西畴油丹 Alseodaphne sichourensis 西畴油丹(xī chóu yóu dān)PPBCCVHColDuocetCFHeFlorasEOLTPLIPNIBHLPOWOGBIFiDigBioBingBaiduAlseodaphne sichourensis H. W. Li 异名: Alseodaphne sic...
- ↑ 西畴油丹 Alseodaphne sichourensis H. W. Li (Lauraceae... 西畴油丹,Alseodaphne sichourensis H. W. Li (Lauraceae),植物志,植物区系,植物群,植物群落,花神弗洛拉,FLORA,flora.blooge.cn