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| 齿叶南芥 |
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中文学名:齿叶南芥 拉丁学名:Arabis serrata 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:五桠果亚纲 目:白花菜目 科:十字花科 族:南芥族 属:南芥属 种:齿叶南芥 |
齿叶南芥，Arabis serrata，多年生草本，高10-30厘米，全株被较少紧贴的单毛及较多的2叉毛。主根粗壮，黑褐色。 [1]
齿叶南芥形态特征
茎自基部丛生，有匍匐枝。基生叶倒卵形至长椭圆形，长1-5厘米，宽5-10毫米， 齿叶南芥顶端钝圆或急尖，边缘全缘或有锯齿，有时基部两侧具3对小裂片；叶柄长1-2厘米；茎生叶长椭圆形至披针形，长2-4厘米，宽3-10毫米，基部呈耳状，抱茎。
总状花序顶生或腋生，有花10余朵；萼片卵形至长椭圆形，长约4毫米，背面被单毛；花瓣白色，倒卵形，长5-7毫米，基部呈爪状；花柱与子房长约7毫米，柱头头状。
长角果外展，常反卷或弯曲，长2-6厘米，宽约1毫米，中脉不明显，宿存花柱长约1毫米；未见成熟种子。花、果期5-8月。
Arabis alpina Linnaeus var. formosana Masamune ex S. F. Huang; A. amplexicaulis Edgeworth var. japonica H. Boissieu; A. amplexicaulis var. serrata (Franchet & Savatier) Makino; A. boissieuana Nakai; A. boissieuana var. glauca (H. Boissieu) Koidzumi; A. boissieuana var. sikokiana Nakai; A. fauriei H. Boissieu (1899), not H. Léveillé (1910); A. fauriei var. grandiflora Nakai; A. formosana (Masamune ex S. F. Huang) T. S. Liu & S. S. Ying; A. glauca H. Boissieu; A. glauca subsp. pseudoauriculata (H. Boissieu) Voroschilov; A. hallaisanensis Nakai; A. iwatensis Makino; A. kishidae Nakai; A. pseudoauriculata H. Boissieu; A. serrata var. glabrescens Ohwi; A. serrata var. glauca (H. Boissieu) Ohwi; A. serrata var. platycarpa Ohwi; A. serrata var. japonica (H. Boissieu) Ohwi; A. serrata var. sikokiana (Nakai) Ohwi; A. sikokiana (Nakai) Honda.
Herbs perennial, (5-)12-35(-45) cm tall, densely to sparsely pilose, with minute, short-stalked or subsessile, submalpighiaceous and 3-5-rayed, stellate trichomes, rarely glabrescent or with some simple ones near stem base. Stems erect, single or few from base. Basal leaves rosulate; petiole (0.5-)1-4(-6) cm; leaf blade spatulate, oblanceolate, obovate, or narrowly oblong, (1-)2-7(-14) × (0.5-)1-2(-3) cm, base cuneate or attenuate, margin entire, dentate, or rarely lyrate-sinuate, apex obtuse or rounded. Middle cauline leaves sessile, oblong or ovate, (1-)2-4(-6) × 0.5-2.5(-3.5) cm, base cordate or amplexicaul, margin dentate or entire. Racemes ebracteate. Fruiting pedicels ascending or divaricate, (0.5-)0.8-2(-2.5) cm, slender, straight, often glabrous. Sepals oblong, 3.2-4 × 1.2-1.8 mm, glabrous, lateral pair saccate. Petals white, rarely pinkish, oblong-oblanceolate, 7-10 × (1.5-)2-3(-3.5) mm, apex truncate-emarginate. Filaments 4-5 mm; anthers oblong, 1-1.4 mm. Ovules 28-60 per ovary. Fruit (2-)3.5-7(-8) cm × 1-1.5 mm, erect, divaricate, or rarely reflexed; valves with an obscure or distinct midvein, torulose, glabrous; style 1-2.5 mm. Seeds brown, oblong or rarely suborbicular, (1-)1.5-2(-2.5) × 0.8-1 mm, uniseriate, broadly winged apically; wing 0.3-0.6 mm wide. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. May-Aug. 2n = 32.
Rocky crevices, along streams, mountain slopes, deciduous forest; 100-3200 m. Anhui, Taiwan [Japan, Korea].
Arabis serrata is highly variable in basal leaf indumentum, margin, and petiole length. Of the many taxa synonymized above, none seems to merit recognition. In fact, A. formosana is indistinguishable from some of the Japanese forms of A. serrata.
齿叶南芥生长环境
生长在海拔1600米的石缝中。