南火繩檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
南火繩 |
中文學名:南火繩 拉丁學名:Eriolaena candollei Wall. 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:錦葵目 科:梧桐科 屬:火繩樹屬 種:南火繩 |
南火繩(拉丁學名:Eriolaena candollei Wall.),為梧桐科、火繩樹屬喬木,高可達12米,樹皮灰色,葉厚紙質,圓形或卵圓形,聚傘花序頂生或腋生,多花;萼片長條狀披針形,花瓣黃色,長圓形,蒴果卵圓形,種子多數。分布雲南和廣西;印度,緬甸,越南等地。 [1]
南火繩形態特徵
喬木, 高達6-12米,樹皮灰色,嫩枝被星狀短柔毛。
葉厚紙質,圓形或卵圓形,長6-l0厘米,寬5.5-11厘米,頂端短尖或短漸尖,並常有不明顯的3-5淺裂,基部心形或淺-心形,上面被較稀疏的星狀短柔毛,下面密被灰白色星狀茸毛,邊緣有鈍鋸齒,基生脈5-7條;葉柄長1.5-3厘米。
聚傘花序頂生或腋生,長達7厘米,具多數花;小苞片羽狀深裂,條形,長1-1.5厘米;萼片5枚,條狀披針形,比小苞片略長,外面密被淡黃褐色短茸毛;花瓣5片,黃色,矩圓形,頂端凹陷,基部收縮成厚的瓣柄,瓣柄的基部被長絨毛;子房卵圓形,花柱無毛,柱頭8-10個,旋卷。
蒴果卵圓形,長5厘米,寬2.5厘米,頂端尖銳氣並具喙,果瓣10個,頂端短尖,背部有或無龍骨狀突起,內面的邊緣有絹毛;種子多數,具翅。花期3-4月。
Eriolaena candollei Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 1: 51. 1829; Mast. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 370. 1874; Gagnep. in Lecte. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 506-507. 1911; Craib Fl. Siam. Enum. 1: 177. 1925; Tardieu-Blot in Humbert Suppl. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 436. 1945.
Trees, 6-12 m tall; bark gray. Branchlets stellate puberulent. Petiole 1.5-3 cm; leaf blade orbicular or ovate-orbicular, usually slightly 3-5-lobed, 6-10 × 5.5-11 cm, thickly papery, abaxially densely gray-white stellate tomentose, adaxially sparsely stellate hairy, basal veins 5-7, base cordate or shallowly cordate, margin obtusely dentate, apex shortly pointed or shortly acuminate. Inflorescence cymose, terminal or axillary, up to 7 cm, many-flowered. Epicalyx lobes pinnately partite, linear, 1-1.5 cm. Sepals 5, linear-lanceolate, slightly longer than epicalyx lobes, densely yellowish brown tomentulose. Petals 5, yellow, oblong, apex emarginate, base narrowed into thick claw, base of claw villous. Ovary ovoid-globose; style glabrous; stigmas 8-10, twisted. Capsule ovoid-globose, ca. 5 × 2.5 cm, apex pointed and beaked, valves 5 or 6(-10), apex shortly pointed, abaxial surface keeled or not, adaxial margin sericeous. Seeds many, winged. Fl. Mar-Apr.
南火繩生長環境
生於海拔800~1360米的緩坡地,疏林中或在草坡上散生。
南火繩分布範圍
南火繩主要價值
本種為良好的紫膠蟲寄主。