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二化螟
,無編輯摘要
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[[File:360截图20200622144126949二化螟.jpg|缩略图|居中|[httphttps://img1timgsa.iplantbaidu.cncom/image2/b/2885751timg?image&quality=80&size=b9999_10000&sec=1605872188568&di=bc9fe1b0e3e17564e3716a44cb3ff97e&imgtype=0&src=http%3A%2F%2F5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com%2Fimages%2F20180316%2Fd09855c1bd2c4317b43d121440eb0974.jpg jpeg 原图链接][httphttps://ppbcimage.iplantbaidu.cn com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E4%BA%8C%E5%8C%96%E8%9E%9F&step_word=&hs=0&pn=1&spn=0&di=20570&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&cs=1300162439%2C2641211397&os=601862206%2C3604254818&simid=4201869951%2C627573865&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=1702&fr=&fmq=1605862095486_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2F5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com%2Fimages%2F20180316%2Fd09855c1bd2c4317b43d121440eb0974.jpeg&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fooo_z%26e3Bf5i7_z%26e3Bv54AzdH3FwAzdH3Fddc0abn99_dabcmc&gsm=1&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&islist=&querylist=&force=undefined 来自 中国植物图像库 的 百度 图片]]]
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一年发生l一5代。以幼虫在稻草、稻桩及其它寄主植物根茎、茎杆中越冬。越冬幼虫在春季化蛹[[羽]]化。由于越冬场所不同,一代蛾发生极不整齐。螟蛾有[[趋光性]]和喜欢在叶宽、秆粗及生长嫩绿的稻田里产卵,苗期时多产在叶片上,圆秆拔节后大多产在叶鞘上。初孵幼虫先侵入[[叶鞘]]集中为害,造成枯鞘,到2—3龄后蛀入茎秆,造成枯心,白穗和虫伤株。初孵幼虫,在苗期水稻上一般分散或几条幼虫集中为害;在大的稻株上,一般先集中为害,数十至百余条幼虫集中在一稻株叶鞘内,至三龄幼虫后才转株为害。二化螟幼虫生活力强,食性广,耐干旱、潮湿和低温等恶劣环境,故越冬死亡率低。天敌对二化螟的数量消长起到一定抑制作用。尤以卵寄生蜂更为重要,应注意保护利用。
[[File:二化螟222.jpg|缩略图|居右|[https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&quality=80&size=b9999_10000&sec=1605872188568&di=399218b882af9ef6f9184b029ddc403f&imgtype=0&src=http%3A%2F%2Fatt.191.cn%2Fattachment%2Fthumb%2FMon_1110%2F205_130706_aedb35dcaf56862.jpg%3F57 原图链接][https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&ipn=d&word=%E4%BA%8C%E5%8C%96%E8%9E%9F&step_word=&hs=0&pn=3&spn=0&di=110&pi=0&rn=1&tn=baiduimagedetail&is=0%2C0&istype=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&in=&cl=2&lm=-1&st=undefined&cs=1414429703%2C1779909456&os=2452214603%2C4002678805&simid=3579359066%2C426778931&adpicid=0&lpn=0&ln=1702&fr=&fmq=1605862095486_R&fm=&ic=undefined&s=undefined&hd=undefined&latest=undefined©right=undefined&se=&sme=&tab=0&width=undefined&height=undefined&face=undefined&ist=&jit=&cg=&bdtype=0&oriquery=&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fatt.191.cn%2Fattachment%2Fthumb%2FMon_1110%2F205_130706_aedb35dcaf56862.jpg%3F57&fromurl=ippr_z2C%24qAzdH3FAzdH3Fooo_z%26e3B8l8_z%26e3BvgAzdH3F6jw1_z%26e3Brir%3Fpt1%3Dd0am8a%261f%3D8&gsm=1&rpstart=0&rpnum=0&islist=&querylist=&force=undefined 来自 百度图片]]]
=='''流行动态'''==
进入90年代以来,由于异常气候、耕作制度变化以及水稻品种结构的改变,二化螟在我国水稻主产区发生危害严重,尤其是近两年来,随着种植结构的调整,各省早稻种植面积调减,[[单季稻]]和优质水稻种植面积增加,螟虫“桥梁田”和适宜螟虫钻蛀的[[水稻]]种植面积增加,为二化螟发生危害创造了有利条件。自95年以来,二化螟在[[长江]]流域稻区连续大发生,1999年和2000年发生面积均超过2亿亩次。