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頭
,'''頭'''在[[解剖學]]上是指[[動物]]的[[吻端]]部分,通常包括[[腦]]、[[眼]]、[[耳]]、[[鼻]]、[[口]]等器官(所有這些器官都支撐著各種感官功能,如[[視覺]]、[[聽覺]]、[[嗅覺]]、[[味覺]])。有些非常低等的動物可能沒有頭部,但多數[[兩側對稱動物]]都有頭。
== 人類的頭 ==
=== 頭骨 ===
<div style="float:right; margin:-10px 0 0 20px;">
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG/360px-Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG" width="250" ><br>人類的頭。 Fig.1194, from [[Gray's Anatomy]]<br>[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG/360px-Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG 圖片來源維基百科]
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| <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG/360px-Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG" width="250" ><br>一個成人的頭骨。 Fig.190, from [[Gray's Anatomy]]<br>[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG/360px-Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG 圖片來源維基百科]
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| <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG/360px-Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG" width="250" ><br>Heikenwaelder Hugo : Skull<br>[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG/360px-Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG 圖片來源維基百科]
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</div>
{{main|人類的頭骨}}
頭骨可分為[[頭蓋骨]](除[[顎骨]]以外頭部所有的骨頭)和[[顎骨]](或[[頜骨]])。其中一個可以分辨[[哺乳動物]]及[[非哺乳動物]]的特徵便是[[哺乳動物]]中[[耳]]裡有三塊小[[骨頭]](稱為[[聽小骨]]):
* [[錘骨]]
* [[砧骨]]
* [[鐙骨]]
這三塊小[[骨頭]]是對[[哺乳動物]]的[[聽覺]]十分重要的部分,它們是由爬行動物的兩塊[[頜骨]]進化而來的。其他[[動物]]的[[耳]]只有一塊[[骨頭]],常稱為[[耳柱骨]](columella)。
[[頭蓋骨]]可分為[[頭骨|頭頂骨]]及底部。
== 參考文獻 ==
* Mike Hunt, ''Human Evolution: An Introduction to Man's Adaptations'' (4th edition), ISBN 0-202-02042-8
== 參見 ==
* [[Headless]]
== 外部連結 ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060703034212/http://www.ahs.uwaterloo.ca/~cahr/headfall.html The anatomy of a head injury]
{{人體解剖學特徵}}
[[Category:頭頸]]
== 人類的頭 ==
=== 頭骨 ===
<div style="float:right; margin:-10px 0 0 20px;">
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG/360px-Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG" width="250" ><br>人類的頭。 Fig.1194, from [[Gray's Anatomy]]<br>[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG/360px-Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG 圖片來源維基百科]
|-
| <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG/360px-Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG" width="250" ><br>一個成人的頭骨。 Fig.190, from [[Gray's Anatomy]]<br>[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG/360px-Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG 圖片來源維基百科]
|-
| <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG/360px-Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG" width="250" ><br>Heikenwaelder Hugo : Skull<br>[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG/360px-Bust_of_Lin_Yunqing_in_Ming_Tai_High_School_in_Wufong%2C_Taichung%2C_Taiwan.JPG 圖片來源維基百科]
|-
|}
</div>
{{main|人類的頭骨}}
頭骨可分為[[頭蓋骨]](除[[顎骨]]以外頭部所有的骨頭)和[[顎骨]](或[[頜骨]])。其中一個可以分辨[[哺乳動物]]及[[非哺乳動物]]的特徵便是[[哺乳動物]]中[[耳]]裡有三塊小[[骨頭]](稱為[[聽小骨]]):
* [[錘骨]]
* [[砧骨]]
* [[鐙骨]]
這三塊小[[骨頭]]是對[[哺乳動物]]的[[聽覺]]十分重要的部分,它們是由爬行動物的兩塊[[頜骨]]進化而來的。其他[[動物]]的[[耳]]只有一塊[[骨頭]],常稱為[[耳柱骨]](columella)。
[[頭蓋骨]]可分為[[頭骨|頭頂骨]]及底部。
== 參考文獻 ==
* Mike Hunt, ''Human Evolution: An Introduction to Man's Adaptations'' (4th edition), ISBN 0-202-02042-8
== 參見 ==
* [[Headless]]
== 外部連結 ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060703034212/http://www.ahs.uwaterloo.ca/~cahr/headfall.html The anatomy of a head injury]
{{人體解剖學特徵}}
[[Category:頭頸]]