變更

較新編輯 →

约翰·列侬

增加 98,857 位元組, 6 年前

创建页面，内容为“{{noteTA |T=zh-cn:约翰·列侬; zh-tw:約翰·藍儂; zh-hk:約翰·連儂; |G1=Show |G2=Music |G3=TheBeatles |1=zh-cn:披头士; zh-tw:披頭四; zh-hk:披頭四;…”

{{noteTA
|T=zh-cn:约翰·列侬; zh-tw:約翰·藍儂; zh-hk:約翰·連儂;
|G1=Show
|G2=Music
|G3=TheBeatles
|1=zh-cn:披头士; zh-tw:披頭四; zh-hk:披頭四;
|2=zh-cn:披头士乐队; zh-tw:披頭四樂團; zh-hk:披頭四樂隊;
}}
{{艺人
|姓名 = 约翰·列侬<br>{{small|John Lennon}}
|后缀尊称 = {{post-nominals|MBE|size=100%}}
|类型 = 男歌手
|图片 = JohnLennonpeace.jpg
|图片尺寸 =
|图片简介 = 约翰·列侬于1969年
|本名 = 约翰·温斯顿·列侬<br>{{lang|en|John Winston Lennon}}
|出生日期 = {{Birth date|1940|10|9}}
|出生地点 = {{UK}}[[默西賽德郡]][[利物浦]]利物浦婦產科醫院
|逝世日期 = {{Death date and age|1980|12|8|1940|10|9}}
|逝世地点 = {{USA}}[[紐約州]][[纽约市]][[达科他公寓]]
|墓地 = 骨灰播撒于纽约[[中央公园 (纽约市)|中央公园]]
|职业 = {{flatlist|
* 音乐家
* 歌手
* 作曲家
* 活动家
}}
|配偶 = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|[[辛西娅·列侬|辛西娅·鲍威尔]]|1962-8-23|1968-11-8|reason=离异}}
* {{marriage|[[小野洋子]]|1969}}
}}
|儿女 = {{plainlist|
*[[朱利安·列侬]]
*[[西恩·列侬]]
}}
|父母 = {{plainlist|
*{{le|阿尔弗雷德·列侬|Alfred Lennon}}
*[[茱莉亚·列侬|茱莉亚·斯坦利]]
}}
|音乐类型 = {{flatlist|
* [[摇滚乐|摇滚]]
* [[流行 (音乐类型)|流行]]
* [[实验音乐|实验]]
}}
|演奏乐器 = {{flatlist|
* 主唱
* 吉他
* 键盘
}}
|活跃年代 = 1957年－1975年；1980年
|唱片公司 = {{flatlist|
* [[苹果唱片|苹果]]
* [[国会音乐集团|国会]]
* [[格芬唱片公司|格芬]]
* [[Parlophone]]
* [[宝丽多唱片|宝丽多]]
}}
|签名 = Firma de John Lennon.svg
|网站 = {{URL|http://www.johnlennon.com|JohnLennon.com}}
|相关团体 = {{flatlist|
* {{le|采石工人乐队|The Quarrymen}}
* [[披头士乐队]]
* [[塑胶小野乐队]]
* [[哈利·尼尔森]]
* {{le|The Dirty Mac|The Dirty Mac}}
* [[小野洋子]]
* [[大卫·鲍伊]]
* [[艾尔顿·约翰]]
}}
|著名乐器 = {{unbulleted list|Rickenbacker 325|Epiphone Casino|Gibson J-160E|Mellotron}}
|奖项 =
}}
'''约翰·温斯顿·小野·列侬'''，{{lang|en|{{post-nominals|size=100%|country=GBR|MBE}}}}（{{lang-en|John Winston Ono Lennon}}，出生名为{{lang|en|John Winston Lennon}}；{{bd|1940年|10月9日|1980年|12月8日}}）是一位英国歌手和词曲作者，作为[[披头士乐队]]的创始成员闻名全球，该乐队是流行音乐史上在商业上最成功的团体。他与乐队成员[[保罗·麦卡特尼]]组成了著名的[[藍儂–麥卡尼]]创作组合。

列侬在[[利物浦]]出生长大，在青少年时期参与了[[噪音爵士乐|噪音爵士乐热潮]]；他的第一支乐队[[采石工人乐队|采石工人]]（{{lang|en|the Quarrymen}}）在1960年转变为披头士樂團。披头士于1970年解散后，他开始了自己的个人职业生涯，发行了受好评的专辑《{{lang|en|[[John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band]]}}》和《{{lang|en|[[Imagine (专辑)|Imagine]]}}》，以及标志性的歌曲如《{{lang|en|[[Give Peace a Chance]]}}》、《{{lang|en|[[Working Class Hero]]}}》和《{{lang|en|[[Imagine (歌曲)|Imagine]]}}》。在1969年与[[小野洋子]]结婚后，他把名字改为约翰·小野·列侬。1975年，列侬从乐坛隐退，在家照顾年幼的儿子[[西恩·列侬|西恩]]。1980年，他和小野携新专辑《{{lang|en|[[Double Fantasy]]}}》复出，在专辑发行三周后[[约翰·列侬之死|遇害]]。

列侬在他的音乐、写作、绘画、影片和采访中展现了他反叛的天性和尖酸的幽默。他因参与政治及[[和平运动]]而受到争议。1971年，他搬家到纽约市[[曼哈顿]]。在那里，列侬对[[越战]]的批评使[[理查德·尼克松]]政府长期试图把他驱逐出境。而他的一些歌曲被[[反戰|反战运动]]和[[60年代反文化运动]]视为圣歌。

截至2012年，列侬的个人专辑在美国的销量超过了1400万。作为创作者或演唱者，他参与了25首[[公告牌百强单曲榜]]冠军单曲。2002年，他在{{lang|en|[[BBC]]}}的“[[最伟大的100名英国人]]”榜单中被民众票选为第8位。2008年，《[[滚石 (杂志)|滚石]]》杂志把他选为“史上最伟大的歌手”第5位。他在去世后于1987年进入[[词曲作者名人堂]]（{{lang|en|Songwriters Hall of Fame}}），还两次进入[[摇滚名人堂]]，分别是在1988年以披头士一员身份和在1994年以个人身份入选。

== 生平 ==

=== 1940–57年：早年 ===
列侬出生在二战时期的英国，于1940年10月9日在利物浦妇产科医院（{{lang|en|Liverpool Maternity Hospital}}）诞生。母亲为[[茱莉亚·列侬]]（娘家姓“{{lang|en|Stanley}}”），父亲为[[阿尔弗雷德·列侬]]（{{lang|en|Alfred Lennon}}），是一位爱尔兰裔[[商业海军]]（{{lang|en|Merchant Navy}}）船员，儿子出生时不在场{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=504}}。名字约翰·温斯顿·列侬取自他祖父约翰·“杰克”·列侬和当时的首相[[温斯顿·邱吉尔]]的名字{{sfn|Spitz|2005|p=24: "Julia offered the name in honour of ... Winston Churchill"}}。父亲阿尔弗雷德常离家出海，但定期寄支票到母子的住处——纽卡斯尔路9号{{sfn|Spitz|2005|p=24: "The entire Stanley clan gathered nightly at Newcastle Road"}}。1944年2月，他从军队[[擅离职守]]（{{lang|en|AWOL}})），停止了寄支票{{sfn|Lennon|2005|p=54: "Until then he had sent her money each month from his wages, but now it stopped"}}{{sfn|Spitz|2005|p=26: "In February 1944 ... he was arrested and imprisoned. Freddie subsequently disappeared for six months"}}。他终于在六个月后回到家，表示愿意继续供养家庭，但那时茱莉亚已怀着另一男人的孩子，拒绝了这一提议{{sfn|Spitz|2005|p=27}}。在茱莉亚的姐姐[[咪咪·史密斯]]两次向利物浦的社会服务机构投诉后，茱莉亚把儿子交给她抚养。1946年7月，阿尔弗雷德拜访了史密斯，把列侬带到布莱克浦（{{lang|en|Blackpool}}），试图带儿子一起偷偷移民新西兰{{sfn|Lennon|2005|p=56: "Alf admitted to her that he had planned to take John to live in New Zealand"}}。茱莉亚和她当时的恋人“鲍比”·迪金斯（{{lang|en|'Bobby' Dykins}}）跟踪了他们，挫败了阿尔弗雷德的计划。在一场激烈的争吵后，阿尔弗雷德迫使列侬在父母中选择一个。列侬两次选择了父亲，但当母亲走开时，他开始大哭着追了上去{{sfn|Spitz|2005|p=30: "Julia went out of the door ... John ran after her"}}。这一别使他直到二十年后才再次和父亲取得联系{{sfn|Spitz|2005|p=497}}。
[[File:Mendipsnationaltrust.JPG|thumb|right|曼洛夫街251号（{{lang|en|251 Menlove Avenue}}），列侬在这里度过了大部分童年时光。]]

列侬在他剩余的童年和青少年时期住在姨妈家里——伍尔顿郊区的曼洛夫街251号。咪咪姨妈和乔治·史密斯（{{lang|en|George Toogood Smith}}）姨夫没有自己的孩子{{sfn|Lennon|2005|p=56: "Hard to see why Mimi wanted John, as she had always said she didn't want children"}}。姨妈为他买了许多短篇小说集，姨夫在家庭牧场做奶工，给他买了一个口琴，教他做纵横填字游戏{{sfn|Spitz|2005|p=32: "When he was old enough, taught John how to solve crossword puzzles"}}。茱莉亚定期来看望他，列侬自11岁起常常拜访母亲在布鲁姆菲尔德路1号的住处（{{lang|en|1 Blomfield Road}}）。在那里，茱莉亚播放[[猫王]]的唱片，教他弹[[班卓琴]]，弹奏[[胖子多米诺]]的歌曲《{{lang|en|Ain't That a Shame}}》给他听{{sfn|Spitz|2005|p=48: "To get them started, she applied the triad to 'Ain't That a Shame'"}}。

1956年，茱莉亚给列侬买了他的第一把吉他，是一把便宜的[[加罗顿冠军牌]]（{{lang|en|Gallotone Champion}}）。她知道自己的姐姐不支持她儿子的音乐兴趣，便“借”了5镑10先令给列侬，让吉他被派送到她的住处而不是咪咪的房子{{sfn|Spitz|2005|p=45}}。列侬宣称自己将来有一天会成名，咪咪对此很怀疑，希望他会渐渐对音乐感到厌倦，经常告诉他：“那吉他好倒是好，约翰，但你永远没法靠它谋生。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"The guitar's all very well, John, but you'll never make a living out of it."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Norman|2008|p=89}}”1958年7月15日，他的母亲在从咪咪姨妈家走回家的路上被车撞后身亡，当时列侬17岁{{sfn|Miles|1997|p=48}}。

列侬没有通过任何一门[[普通教育证书]]{{lang|en|O-level}}考试，在他姨妈和校长的干涉下才被利物浦艺术学院（{{lang|en|Liverpool College of Art}}）录取{{sfn|Spitz|2005|p=100}}。入学后，他开始穿[[泰迪男孩式]]（{{lang|en|Teddy Boy}}）服装，取得了扰乱课堂和嘲弄老师的名声。他因此被绘画课拒之门外，接着是平面艺术课。因举止不端，他受到了要被开除的威胁，他的不良行为包括在写生课上坐到一位裸模的大腿上{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=553–555}}。尽管他的同学兼未来的妻子[[辛西娅·列侬|辛西娅]]帮助了他，列侬还是没有通过年度考试，在进入最后一个年级前被踢出了学校{{sfn|Lennon|2005|p=50}}。

=== 1957-70年：披头士时期 ===
{{Further|列侬-麦卡特尼|布莱恩·爱普斯坦|披头士乐队|披头士狂热|英国入侵}}

====1957-66年：组建、商业突破和巡演时期 ====
[[File:Televisie-optreden van The Beatles in Treslong te Hillegom vlnr. Paul McCartney, Bestanddeelnr 916-5099.jpg|thumb|left|列侬（右一）在1964年披头士狂热的高峰与乐队一起演奏。]]
1956年9月，十五岁的列侬创建了一支[[噪音爵士乐|噪音爵士乐队]]，叫采石工人（{{lang|en|the Quarrymen}}），得名于采石坡高中（{{lang|en|Quarry Bank High School}}）{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=738}}。到1957年夏天，采石工人乐队已演奏了“一系列生气勃勃的歌曲”，歌单上一半是噪音爵士乐，一半是[[摇滚]]（{{lang|en|rock and roll}}）{{sfn|Spitz|2005|p=95}}。同年7月6日，乐队的第二次演出在圣彼得教堂的花园庆典上举行，列侬在那里与[[保罗·麦卡特尼]]相遇，他随后邀请麦卡特尼加入乐队{{sfn|Spitz|2005|pp=93–99}}。

麦卡特尼建议让他的朋友[[乔治·哈里森]]成为主音吉他手{{sfn|Miles|1997|pp=47, 50}}。列侬认为十四岁的哈里森年纪太小。麦卡特尼在一辆公交巴士的上层安排了试音，哈里森弹奏了器乐曲《{{lang|en|Raunchy}}》之后受邀加入乐队{{sfn|Miles|1997|pp=47}}。列侬在艺术学院的朋友[[斯图尔特·萨克利夫]]在之后加入成为贝斯手{{sfn|Lennon|2005|p=64}}。列侬、麦卡特尼、哈里森和萨克利夫四人在1960年初组成了披头士乐队。同年8月，乐队获得了一份到德国汉堡驻唱48天的合同，急需一位鼓手，便邀请了[[皮特·贝斯特]]加入{{sfn|Miles|1997|p=57}}。当时列侬十九岁，咪咪阿姨被他要去旅行的消息吓坏了，恳求他留下继续学业{{sfn|Lennon|2005|p=53}}。在第一次汉堡之行后，乐队在1961年4月再次前往汉堡，在1962年4月去了第三次。列侬和其他乐队成员在汉堡接触了[[苯甲吗啉]]，常规地服用该药物{{sfn|Miles|1997|pp=66–67}}，还有[[安非他明]]，作为支撑他们通宵演出的兴奋剂 {{sfn|Lennon|2005|p=57}}。

[[布莱恩·爱普斯坦]]自1962年起成为披头士的经理人，他之前没有任何艺人管理经验，但对乐队早期的造型和在台上的态度产生了重要影响{{sfn|The Beatles|2000|p=67}}。列侬一开始对爱普斯坦建议乐队展现职业面貌感到抗拒，但最终顺从了，说：“如果有人付我钱的话，我他妈穿个气球都行。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"I'll wear a bloody balloon if somebody's going to pay me."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Frankel|2007}}”在萨克利夫决定留在汉堡退出乐队后，麦卡特尼接替他成为贝斯手，而鼓手[[林戈·斯塔尔]]取代了贝斯特，这一四人阵容一直维持到乐队在1970年的解散。披头士的第一张单曲《{{lang|en|[[Love Me Do]]}}》于1962年10月发行，在英国的榜单上最高达到第十七位。1963年2月11日，他们在十小时内完成了首张专辑《{{lang|en|[[Please Please Me]]}}》的录音{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=721}}。那天，列侬受感冒困扰{{sfn|Lewisohn |1988|pp=24–26: "Twist and Shout, which had to be recorded last because John Lennon had a particularly bad cold"}}，可从最后一首录音的歌《{{lang|en|[[Twist and Shout]]}}》中听出来{{sfn|Spitz|2005|p=376: "He had been struggling all day to reach notes, but this was different, this hurt"}}。列侬-麦卡特尼创作组合写了专辑里十四首歌中的八首。在大多数歌曲中（专辑同名曲是一个例外），列侬还没有在歌词中加入他最爱的文字游戏，说道：“我们只是写写歌……流行歌曲。只想弄出点声响，没别的想法了。歌词几乎是无关紧要的。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"We were just writing songs ... pop songs with no more thought of them than that—to create a sound. And the words were almost irrelevant."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=721}}”在1987年的一次采访中，麦卡特尼表示其他披头士成员都崇拜列侬：“他像我们自己的小艾尔维斯（指猫王）……我们都仰视约翰。他年纪较长，是无疑的领袖；他最风趣，最聪明。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"He was like our own little Elvis ... We all looked up to John. He was older and he was very much the leader; he was the quickest wit and the smartest."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Doggett|2010|p=33}}”

[[File:John Lennon 1964 001 cropped.png|thumb|upright|列侬作为披头士成员现场演唱，1964年。]]
1963年初，披头士在英国取得了主流商业成功。列侬的长子[[朱利安·列侬|朱利安]]在同年4月出生，他当时在外巡演。他们登台了[[皇家大汇演]]（{{lang|en|Royal Variety Show}}），观众有[[伊丽莎白·鲍斯-莱昂|王母太后]]和其他英国王室成员。在演出期间，列侬拿观众开玩笑：“为下一首歌，我想请求你们的帮助。坐在便宜位子的人，请拍手……其他人，请摇动你的珠宝首饰。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"For our next song, I'd like to ask for your help. For the people in the cheaper seats, clap your hands ... and the rest of you, if you'll just rattle your jewellery."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Shennan|2007}}”在英国的披头士狂热进行了一年后，他们在1964年2月在[[埃德·沙利文秀]]上历史性的首次在美国亮相，标志着乐队开始取得国际性的明星地位。接下来的两年里，乐队不间断地巡演、拍电影和写歌。在此期间，列侬写了两本书：《{{lang|en|In His Own Write}}》和《{{lang|en|A Spaniard in the Works}}》{{sfn|Coleman|1984a|pp=239–240}}。在[[1965年女王生日授勋]]（{{lang|en|1965 Birthday Honours}}）中，披头士乐队被授予了[[大英帝國勳章]]的员佐勋章（{{lang|en|MBE}}）{{sfn|London Gazette|1965|pp=5487–5489}}。

列侬渐渐担心演唱会观众因歌迷尖叫声太响而无法听见音乐，乐队的音乐性因此开始受到负面影响{{sfn|Coleman|1984a|p=288}}。列侬1965年的歌曲《[[Help! (歌曲)|Help!]]》表达了他的感受：“歌词是真心的……那是我在呼救。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"I ''meant'' it... It was me singing 'help'."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Gould|2008|p=268}}”他的体重增加了（他日后称之为自己的“肥胖猫王”时期）{{sfn|Lawrence|2005|p=62}}，在潜意识中试图寻求改变{{sfn|The Beatles|2000|p=171}}。同年3月，列侬在不知情的情况下首次接触了{{lang|en|[[D-麦角酸二乙胺|LSD]]}}。他和哈里森夫妇出席了一位牙医的晚宴，牙医偷偷地在他们的咖啡中加入了这种毒品{{sfn|Rodriguez|2012|pp=51–52}}。当他们想要离开时，主人透露了他们摄入的东西是什么，强烈建议他们因可能产生的效果不要离开房子。其后在一家夜店的电梯里，他们都相信那里着火了“我们在尖叫……又热又癫狂”{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=570}}
{{Anchor|BiggerThanJesus}}。在1966年3月与《标准晚报》记者[[Maureen Cleave]]的采访中，列侬说道，“基督教会走的。它会消失和萎缩……我们现在比耶稣要受欢迎——我不知道谁会先走，是摇滚乐还是基督教。”{{sfn|Cleave|2007}}这当时在英格兰实际上没人注意。但是五个月后在被一家杂志引用后，这一评论却在美国被视为巨大的冒犯。怒火使人们焚毁甲壳虫乐队的专辑，且[[三K党]]对列侬发出威胁，最终导致乐队决定停止巡演{{sfn|Gould|2008|pp=5–6, 249, 281, 347}}。

==== 1967-70年：录音室时期、解散和个人作品 ====
1966年8月29日，披头士举行了最后一场商业演唱会。停止了日常的现场演出后，列侬感到迷茫，考虑退出乐队{{sfn|Brown|1983|p=222}}。自从被动地接触到{{lang|en|LSD}}后，他增加了对这种毒品的使用，几乎在1967年的大部分时候都处于药物影响下{{sfn|Gould|2008|p=319}}。据传记作者伊恩·麦克唐纳（{{lang|en|Ian MacDonald}}）所写，列侬在那年对{{lang|en|LSD}}的持续使用让他“几乎丧失了自我意识（{{lang|en|Ego death}}）”{{sfn|MacDonald|2005|p=281}}。那一年里，歌曲《{{lang|en|[[Strawberry Fields Forever]]}}》发行，《[[时代 (杂志)|时代]]》杂志称赞了它“惊人的创造性”。乐队里程碑式的专辑《{{lang|en|[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]}}》也在同年发行，其中列侬的歌词已和列侬-麦卡特尼早期创作的简单情歌截然不同。

8月，在被介绍认识了[[玛哈瑞诗·玛哈士]]（{{lang|en|Maharishi Yogi}}）后，乐队前往威尔士[[班戈 (圭内斯)|班戈]]参加他为期一个周末的[[超觉静坐]]（{{lang|en|Transcendental Meditation}}）研讨会{{sfn|BBC News|2007b}}。乐队在研讨会期间得知了爱普斯坦死亡的消息。“我那时就知道我们有麻烦了”，列侬在日后说道，“我很清楚我们除了玩音乐外做其他事的能力是什么水平，我感到害怕。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"I knew we were in trouble then." "I didn't have any misconceptions about our ability to do anything other than play music, and I was scared."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Brown|1983|p=276}}”主要缘于哈里森和列侬对东方宗教的兴趣，披头士之后到玛哈瑞诗在印度的[[静修处]]（{{lang|en|ashram}}）继续寻求指引{{sfn|Doggett|2010|pp=33, 34}}。他们在印度创作了“[[白色专辑]]”和《{{lang|en|[[Abbey Road]]}}》中的大部分内容{{sfn|Miles|1997|p=397}}。

列侬于1969年9月退出了披头士{{sfn|Edmondson|2010|pp=129–130}}，同意在乐队重新协商他们的录音合同时不告知媒体。但麦卡特尼在1970年4月发行[[McCartney (專輯)|他的首张个人专辑]]时公开了自己退出的消息，这一行为让列侬非常愤怒。列侬的反应为：“老天！他占据了全部功劳！{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"Jesus Christ! He gets all the credit for it!"}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Spitz|2005|pp=853–54}}”他日后写道：“我创建了乐队。我解散了它。就那么简单。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"I started the band. I disbanded it. It's as simple as that."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Loker|2009|p=348}}”在后来与《[[滚石 (杂志)|滚石]]》杂志的一次采访中，他表达了自己对麦卡特尼的怨恨，说道：“保罗利用这事（披头士解散）来卖他的新专辑，我是个傻子才没那么做。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"I was a fool not to do what Paul did, which was use it to sell a record."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Wenner|2000|p=32}}”他也谈及自己察觉到其他成员对小野的敌意，还有他、哈里森和斯塔尔“对成为保罗的伴奏者忍无可忍……布莱恩·爱普斯坦死后，我们分崩离析了。保罗接管了一切，据说是成为了我们的领袖。但让我们原地转圈算什么领导？{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"got fed up with being sidemen for Paul ... After Brian Epstein died we collapsed. Paul took over and supposedly led us. But what is leading us when we went round in circles?"}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Wenner|2000|p=24}}”

=== 1970-80年：個人時期 ===
[[File:1 West 72nd Street (The Dakota) entrance by David Shankbone.jpg|thumb|約翰·藍儂纽约的住宅門前，也是他被刺杀的地方]]

==== 1970-72年:最初的成功和社会行动====
[[File:John Lennon Imagine 1971.jpg|thumb|left|upright|1971年9月18日《公告牌》杂志上刊登的歌曲[[Imagine (歌曲)|想象]]的广告。]]
1970年，列侬和洋子在洛杉矶和[[亚瑟·亚诺夫]]博士体验了{{link-en|原始疗法|primal therapy}}（Primal therapy）。为了消除对童年生活的痛苦的恐惧，治疗进行了4个月，每周2天半。亚诺夫曾试图让列侬夫妇多做停留，但他们认为没有必要，便回到了伦敦。{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=408–410}}列侬充满个人情感的首张个人专辑《[[约翰·列侬/塑胶小野乐团]]》，获得了高度赞扬。评论家{{link-en|格雷尔·马库斯|Greil Marcus}}评论道：“列侬在歌曲《[[上帝 (约翰·列侬歌曲)|上帝]]》（God）中最后一句的演唱，可能是摇滚歌曲中最好的。”{{sfn|Blaney|2005|p=56}}专辑收录了《{{link-en|母亲 (约翰·列侬歌曲)|Mother (John Lennon song)|母亲}}》（Mother）这首歌，在歌曲中列侬直面了儿时被抛弃的悲惨经历，{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=640–641}}而迪伦风格的歌曲《[[Working Class Hero|工人阶级英雄]]》（Working Class Hero），对资本主义官僚社会体制做出了讽刺性的批判，其中的歌词“你们还是他妈的贫农”目的就是可以激怒听众。{{sfn|Riley|2002|p=375}}{{sfn|Schechter|1997|p=106}}同年，{{link-en|塔里克·阿里|Tariq Ali}}在他采访列侬时的政治革命言论启发了列侬写出歌曲《[[Power to the People|权力交给人们]]》（Power to the People）。随后，列侬参与到了阿里的抗议停办{{link-en|《Oz》杂志|Oz (magazine)}}的活动中去，列侬认为停办杂志的言论是“恶心的法西斯主义”，他和洋子发布了单曲《God Save Us/Do the Oz》并参与游行声援杂志。{{sfn|Wiener|1990|p=157}}

{{Listen|type=music|filename=|title=Imagine|description=列侬在披头士解散后“最知名的歌曲”《[[Imagine (歌曲)|想象]]》的片段，{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=382}}和《给和平一个机会》（Give Peace a Chance）一样，这首歌曲成为了反战圣歌，但是歌词触犯了宗教组织。列侬的解释是：“如果你能想象一个充满和平的世界，不被宗教束缚——并不是没有宗教，但是不应该有“我的神比你信仰的神更伟大”这样的言论——那么宗教也就是真实而正确的。”{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=382–383}} }}

列侬的下一张专辑《[[想象]]》，收到的评价相对保守。《滚石杂志》评论认为“专辑充满了优秀的音乐”，但也警告“列侬的自我展现很可能会在不久让人觉得无聊而且令人摸不着头脑”。{{sfn|Gerson|1971}}专辑的同名曲成为了反战圣歌，{{sfn|Vigilla|2005}}而另一首歌曲《{{link-en|你如何入睡？|How Do You Sleep? (John Lennon song)}}》（How Do You Sleep?）则是对麦卡特尼专辑[[RAM（专辑）|RAM]]中的讽刺歌词的回应，麦卡特尼后来也承认，他专辑中的歌词的确是指列侬和洋子。{{sfn|Goodman|1984}}然而，列侬在20世纪70年代中期与麦卡特尼重归于好，辩称《你如何入睡？》其实是在说自己。{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=354–356}}在1980年，他回忆称披头士后期的不愉快经历和对保罗·麦卡特尼的怨恨的确成为了歌曲的灵感，但是这种充满怨念的想法并非一直萦绕在他脑海中。{{sfn|Peebles|1981|p=44}}

列侬与小野于1971年8月移居纽约，同年11月发行单曲《[[圣诞快乐，战争结束了]]》。{{sfn|Allmusic|2010f}}在新的一年中，[[尼克松]]当局针对列侬的反战和反政府行为采取了所谓的“战略反击方案”，试图将列侬驱逐出境。在1972年，[[乔治·麦戈文|麦戈文]]竞选总统失败后，列侬和小野在活动家{{link-en|杰里·鲁宾|Jerry Rubin}}纽约的家中参加了一次守夜活动。<ref name="DeMain">{{cite web | url=http://performingsongwriter.com/john-lennon-fbi-files/ | title=John Lennon and the FBI | publisher=Performing Songwriter | work=Dangerous Liaisons: The FBI Files of Musicians | accessdate=2013-01-19 | author=Bill DeMain}}</ref><ref name="Glenn">{{cite web | url=http://annarborchronicle.com/2009/12/27/the-day-a-beatle-came-to-town/ | title=The Day a Beatle Came to Town | work=The Ann Arbor Chronicle | date=2009-12-27 | accessdate=2013-01-19 | author=Alan Glenn}}</ref>列侬卷入了和当局的法律纠纷中之后，美国政府拒绝发给列侬[[永久居留权]]。{{sfn|Wiener|1990|p=204}}列侬当时心灰意冷，和一位女性客人发生了性关系，这让洋子感到难堪。她的歌曲《Death of Samantha》就是受这件事的启发。<ref>''LennoNYC'', PBS Television 2010</ref>

在洋子和纽约乐队{{link-en|大象的回忆|Elephant's Memory}}的合作下，《{{link-en|纽约城时光|Some Time in New York City}}》（Some Time in New York City）于1972年发行。专辑中包括了关于女性权益、种族关系、北爱尔兰问题以及列侬与美国政府的问题的歌曲。{{sfn|BBC News|2006a}}专辑所获评价极差——评论家认为专辑“无法入耳”。{{sfn|Landau|1974}}其中的歌曲《{{link-en|女人是世界上的黑鬼|Woman Is the Nigger of the World}}》（Woman Is the Nigger of the World）作为单曲于同年发行，并在电视上播出。许多电台因歌曲中的单词[[黑鬼|Nigger]]因为拒绝播放此曲。{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=979–980}}在1972年8月30日，列侬、小野大象的回忆乐队等为援助[[威罗布克州立学校]]残障学院举行了在[[麦迪逊广场花园]]两场公益演唱会，演出大受欢迎，这也是列侬生前最后一次举行完整长度的演唱会。{{sfn|Deming|2008}}{{sfn|The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum|1994}}

====1973-75年: “失去的周末”====
[[File:John Lennon last television interview Tomorrow show 1975.JPG|thumb|约翰·列侬和《{{link-en|明日 (电视剧)|Tomorrow (TV series)|明日}}》节目的主持人{{link-en|汤姆·辛德|Tom Snyder}}。这期节目于1975年播出，这是列侬生前的最后一次电视采访。]]
当列侬录制专辑《{{link-en|思想游戏|Mind Games}}》（Mind Games）时，列侬和小野分居。列侬后来将这段长达18个月的分手称为他自己的“失去的周末”，在这段时间内列侬在洛杉矶和纽约由[[庞凤仪]]陪伴。《思想游戏》在1973年发行，记为塑胶洋子乐队的作品。列侬在这期间也为斯塔尔的专辑《林格》提供了歌曲《I'm the Greatest》，这首歌曲的另一个由列侬伴唱的版本收录在专辑《{{link-en|约翰·列侬选集|John Lennon Anthology}}》中。

在1974年初，列侬大量饮酒并经常与歌手[[哈利·尼尔森]]在酒后做出滑稽举动，这也成为了新闻头条。3月，列侬先是头戴卫生巾与一位酒吧女服务员扭打在一起，后来又在同一家酒吧里因与[[窒息兄弟]]乐队争吵而被驱逐出去。{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=927–929}}列侬决定帮助制作尼尔森的专辑《Pussy Cats》，同时，庞凤仪在洛杉矶租用了一家房屋邀请所有音乐人来做客。{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=735}}但是在度过一个花天酒地的3月后，列侬决定搬到了纽约在庞的帮助下完成新专辑。在4月，列侬成为了[[米克·贾格尔]]歌曲《太多厨师（毁了汤）》（Too Many Cooks (Spoil the Soup)）的制作人，出于种种原因，这首歌曲在30年后才广为人知。2007年，麦克·贾格尔的精选集中收录了这首歌。<ref>''[[The Very Best of Mick Jagger]]'' liner notes</ref>

在纽约定居后，列侬录制了专辑《墙与桥》（Walls and Bridges）。在1974年10月专辑发行后，列侬收获了他生前唯一一支单飞时期的冠军单曲——《无论什么让你度过黑夜》（Whatever Gets You Thru the Night），歌曲是列侬与[[埃尔顿·约翰]]合作的杰作，埃尔顿·约翰负责和声伴奏和弹钢琴。{{sfn|Badman|2001|loc=1974}}列侬还在年末发行了专辑中的另外一首歌曲《{{link-en|9号梦想|Number 9 Dream}}》（#9 Dream）。同期，列侬又一次斯塔尔的新专辑提供帮助。{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=284}}在11月28日，列侬在[[麦迪逊广场花园]]举行的埃尔顿·约翰感恩节演出上登场，这次意外登场是列侬之前许下的承诺（如果《无论什么让你度过黑夜》能成为冠军单曲，列侬就会与埃尔顿·约翰同台演出，而事实上列侬之前并不看好这首歌）的兑现。列侬演唱了两首披头士时期的歌曲——《[[露西在缀满钻石的天空]]》和《[[I Saw Her Standing There|我看见她站在那里]]》。在演唱最后一首歌曲之前，列侬介绍到：“这首歌献给我阔别已久的老未婚妻保罗。”这也是约翰·列侬的最后一次现场表演。{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=970}}

1975年1月，列侬合作创作了大卫·鲍威的第一支美国冠军单曲《Fame》并为鲍威提供了吉他伴奏。{{sfn|The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum|1996}}同月，埃尔顿·约翰翻唱了《露西在缀满钻石的天空》，列侬帮助伴唱和吉他伴奏（在单曲的内页上出现了列侬的化名“Dr. Winston O'Boogie”），这一翻唱版本成为了一支冠军单曲。不久，小野洋子与列侬重归于好。列侬在1975年2月发行新专辑《{{link-en|摇滚 (约翰·列侬专辑)|Rock 'n' Roll (John Lennon album)|摇滚}}》，在专辑中，列侬翻唱了在自己青年时代影响过自己的经典摇滚乐。这是列侬退出乐坛之前的最后一张专辑，专辑中也收录了列侬引退前的最后一支单曲《[[Stand By Me]]》。随后，列侬在4月18日参加了向传媒大亨{{link-en|卢·格雷德|Lew Grade}}致敬的一档电视节目，这也是列侬生前最后一次在电视上表演，演唱了《Stand By Me》和《Imagine》。{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=758}}<ref>Madinger, ''Eight Arms to Hold You'', 44.1 Publishing, 2000, ISBN 978-0-615-11724-9</ref>随着与小野和好以及新专辑的畅销与收到的好评，列侬的“失去的周末”就此结束，列侬的生活也将出现新的转变。

====1975–80:退出乐坛和短暂回归====
他的第二个儿子西恩于1975年10月9日出生后，列侬承担了家庭主夫的角色，他把他的音乐产业中断了五年，期间他把他所有精力用来关注他的家庭。{{sfn|Sheff|1981}}在一个月内，他履行了他的合同义务，在此期间，百代公司的一张名为''[[Shaved Fish]]''的专辑被发布（一个曾经录制过的曲目的精选集）。{{sfn|Sheff|1981}} 他致力于肖恩，他每天早上六点计划并准备他的饭菜，并与他共度时光。{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=553}} 他曾经写到“充满爱的厨房”给[[斯塔尔]]''[[Ringo's Rotogravure]]''（1976）, 六月赛道上的表演将成为他直到1980年的最后一次录音。在1977年东京，他正式宣布了他在音乐上的重大突破，他说：“我们已经基本决定了：我们没有任何伟大的决策，我们决定尽我们所能与我们的孩子一起，直到我们觉得我们可以花时间来放纵自己去创造家庭以外的东西。在他离职期间他创造了几个系列的图纸并起草了一本包含自传材料和被他称作“疯狂的东西”的书。{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=814}} 但所有的这一切都将在他死后出版。

列侬在1980年10月独自休假。他下个月的专辑中''[[Double Fantasy]]''就包含了列侬在六月前在一个43英尺的帆船在百慕大群岛时所写的歌。{{sfn|BBC News|2006b}} 这反映了他在找到稳定的家庭生活方面上的新成就。{{sfn|Schinder|Schwartz|2007|p=178}} 额外的材料被记录在一个后续专辑的计划中。它叫做 [[Milk and Honey]]（于1984年死后被公布）。{{sfn|Ginell|2009}} 由列侬和小野洋子共同发布。

=== 1980年12月8日：遇刺身亡 ===
{{主条目|约翰·列侬之死}}
1980年12月8日22時50分，列侬在纽约的寓所前被一名据称患有精神病的美國狂热男性歌迷[[馬克·大衛·查普曼]]枪杀，死时年仅40岁，举世震惊。摇滚乐坛也失去了一位传奇色彩的人物。

== 与他人的关系 ==
=== 辛西娅·列侬 ===
{{Further|辛西娅·列侬}}列侬和辛西娅·鲍威尔（{{lang|en|Powell}}，1939年-2015年）为利物浦艺术学院的同学，于1957年相遇{{sfn|Lennon|2005|pp=17–23}}。她虽然被列侬的举止态度和外表吓到，但她听说他为法国演员[[碧姬·芭杜]]着迷后把头发染成了金色。列侬邀请她约会，但当她说自己已经订婚，他大叫：“我又没让你他妈的嫁给我，对吗？{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"I didn't ask you to fuckin' marry me, did I?"}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Lennon|2005|p=21}}”她经常陪他去采石工人乐队的演出，还与麦卡特尼当时的女友一起去汉堡探望他{{sfn|Lennon|2005|pp=89–95}}。天性善妒的列侬发展出了强烈的占有欲，他的脾气和暴力常使辛西娅受到惊吓{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=492–493}}。列侬在日后表示，他在遇到小野前从未怀疑过自己对女性的[[沙文主义|大男子主义]]态度。他说披头士歌曲《{{lang|en|[[Getting Better]]}}》讲述的是他自己的故事：“我曾对女人很冷酷，在身体方面——任何女人。我打人。我无法表达自己，就打人。我和男人打架，我打女人。那是为什么我总是呼吁和平。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"I used to be cruel to my woman, and physically—any woman. I was a hitter. I couldn't express myself and I hit. I fought men and I hit women. That is why I am always on about peace."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Sheff|1981}}”

1962年7月，列侬得知辛西娅怀孕了。回忆自己当时的反应，他说：“只有一条路可走了，辛。我们必须得结婚。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"There's only one thing for it Cyn. We'll have to get married."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Lennon|2005|p=91}}”两人于8月23日在利物浦愉快山（{{lang|en|Mount Pleasant}}）登记处结婚。他婚后生活的开始正值[[披头士狂热]]席卷英国。在结婚当日的晚上，他有演唱会要出场，之后的每一天也几乎都是如此{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=493–495}}。爱普斯坦担心已婚的披头士成员这一概念会疏远歌迷，让列侬夫妇将结婚一事保密。朱利安于1963年4月8日出生。列侬当时在巡演途中，直到三天后才见到自己的新生儿{{sfn|Lennon|2005|p=113}}。

辛西娅把这场婚姻瓦解的开始归因于{{lang|en|[[LSD]]}}，她感到列侬渐渐对她失去兴趣{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=496–497}}。1967年，乐队乘火车前往威尔士[[班戈 (圭内斯)|班戈]]去参加[[玛哈瑞诗·玛哈士]]（{{lang|en|Maharishi Yogi}}）的超觉静坐研讨会，一位警察没有认出辛西娅，不让她上车。她后来回忆道，这个意外事件似乎象征了他们婚姻的终结{{sfn|Warner Brothers|1988}}。1968年5月，辛西娅从度假地早一天回家时，发现列侬与小野在一起，她离开家去了朋友的住处。[[亚历克谢斯·马尔达斯]]（{{lang|en|Alexis Mardas}}）日后声称自己在当晚和她发生了关系。几周后马尔达斯告知辛西娅，列侬试图以他俩通奸为由要求离婚和朱利安的抚养权。协商后，列侬屈从了，同意她用相同理由提出离婚诉讼。这一案于1968年11月达成庭外和解，辛西娅获得了朱利安的抚养权，列侬给了她10万英镑，每年还需支付她一笔小额费用{{sfn|Lennon|2005|p=305–306: "He had agreed that I should have custody of Julian", "He raised his offer to £100,000"}}。

=== 布莱恩·爱普斯坦 ===
{{Further|布莱恩·爱普斯坦}}
1961年11月，当披头士乐队在利物浦[[洞穴俱乐部]]完成一次午场演唱会后，他们被介绍认识了爱普斯坦。爱普斯坦是一位同性恋，据传记作者菲利普·诺曼（{{lang|en|Philip Norman}}）所写，他想要管理披头士的原因之一是他被列侬的长相所吸引。朱利安刚出生后不久，列侬和爱普斯坦一起去西班牙度假，引发了对两人关系的臆测。日后被问及此事时，列侬说道：“啊，那几乎是一起风流韵事，但不完全是。它从未真正实现。但那是一段蛮强烈的关系。那是我首次和一位我知道他是同性恋的同性恋在一起。我们曾常常坐在[[托雷莫利诺斯]]的一家咖啡馆里看着那里的小伙子们，然后我会说：‘你喜欢那个吗？你喜欢这个吗？’我那时正享受着这个经历，像个作家一样心想：我正在经历这个。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"Well, it was almost a love affair, but not quite. It was never consummated. But it was a pretty intense relationship. It was my first experience with a homosexual that I was conscious was homosexual. We used to sit in a café in Torremolinos looking at all the boys and I'd say, 'Do you like that one? Do you like this one?' I was rather enjoying the experience, thinking like a writer all the time: I am experiencing this."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Harry|2000a|p=232}}”他们从西班牙回来后不久，在1963年6月，麦卡特尼的二十一岁生日会上，列侬揍了洞穴俱乐部的司仪鲍勃·伍勒（{{lang|en|Bob Wooler}}），因为后者问他：“你的蜜月过得如何，约翰？”伍勒闻名于他的文字游戏和善意但讽刺的评论，他是在开玩笑{{sfn|Harry|2000a|pp=1165, 1169}}。但那时距离列侬结婚已过去十个月，而被推迟的蜜月要到两个月后才发生{{sfn|Lennon|2005|pp=94, 119–120}}。对于当时醉酒的列侬来说，他的理解很简单：“他叫我[[酷兒]]，所以我要把他该死的肋骨打坏。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"He called me a [[queer]] so I battered his bloody ribs in."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Harry|2000a|p=1169}}”

列侬喜欢嘲弄爱普斯坦的性取向和犹太人身份{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=232}}。当爱普斯坦为他的自传书名征询意见时，列侬提议《基佬犹太人》（{{lang|en|''Queer Jew''}}）；得知最终采用的标题为《一地下室的噪音》（{{lang|en|''A Cellarful of Noise''}}）后，他讽刺道：“更像是《一地下室的男孩子》（{{lang|en|''A Cellarful of Boys''}}）。{{sfn|Coleman|1992|pp=298–299}}”他粗率地对一位拜访爱普斯坦住处的客人说：“你是来这里敲诈他的吗？如果不是的话，你是伦敦唯一一个没这么做的操屁股的。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"Have you come to blackmail him? If not, you're the only bugger in London who hasn't."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=232}}”在录制歌曲《{{lang|en|[[Baby, You're a Rich Man]]}}》期间，列侬把副歌歌词唱成“{{lang|en|Baby, you're a rich fag Jew}}”（意为“宝贝，你是个有钱的基佬犹太人”）{{sfn|Norman|2008|p=503}}{{sfn|MacDonald|2005|p=206}}。

=== 朱利安·列侬 ===
{{Further|朱利安·列侬}}
[[File:Julian Lennon.jpg|thumb|150px|[[约翰·列侬和平纪念碑]]揭幕仪式上的朱利安，2010年10月。]]

列侬的长子朱利安出生时正值[[披头士狂热]]在英国达到顶峰，他愈加投身于披头士的音乐事业。朱利安出生于1963年4月8日，当时列侬正随乐队巡演。朱利安的诞生和他母亲辛西娅与列侬的婚姻一样是一个秘密，因为爱普斯坦认为公众得知此事会威胁到披头士的商业利益。
Julian recalls how some four years later, as a small child in [[Weybridge]], "I was trundled home from school and came walking up with one of my watercolour paintings. It was just a bunch of stars and this blonde girl I knew at school. And Dad said, 'What's this?' I said, 'It's Lucy in the sky with diamonds.'"{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=517}} Lennon used it as the title of a [[Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds|Beatles song]], and though it was later reported to have been derived from the initials [[Lysergic acid diethylamide|LSD]], Lennon insisted, "It's not an acid song."{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=574}} McCartney corroborated Lennon's explanation that Julian innocently came up with the name.{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=574}} 列侬和朱利安关系疏远，后者觉得自己和麦卡特尼的关系比和父亲的更亲近。列侬处理离婚期间，麦卡特尼在去探望辛西娅和朱利安的轿车上创作了歌曲《{{lang|en|Hey Jules}}》，试图安慰他。这首歌最终成为了披头士歌曲《{{lang|en|[[Hey Jude]]}}》。列侬后来说：“那是他最好的歌。它开始是一首关于我儿子朱利安的歌……他将它变成了《{{lang|en|Hey Jude}}》。我一直以为它是关于我和洋子的，但他说它不是。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"That's his best song. It started off as a song about my son Julian ... he turned it into 'Hey Jude'. I always thought it was about me and Yoko but he said it wasn't."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=341}}”

列侬和朱利安的关系已经相当紧张，他和小野在1971年搬到纽约后，朱利安直到1973年才再一次见到父亲{{sfn|Pang|2008|loc=back cover}}。在[[庞凤仪]]的撮合下，朱利安（和他母亲）被安排到洛杉矶与列侬见面，父子两人一起去了[[迪士尼乐园]]{{sfn|Lennon|2005|pp=252–255}}。朱利安开始定期地与父亲见面，列侬让他在歌曲《{{lang|en|Walls and Bridges}}》中打鼓{{sfn|Lennon|2005|p=258}}。他给朱利买了一把{{lang|en|[[Gibson Les Paul]]}}吉他以及其他乐器，鼓励他对音乐的兴趣，向他展示吉他和弦技巧{{sfn|Lennon|2005|p=258}}。朱利安回忆他和父亲在他留在纽约期间“相处得好了很多”：“我们玩得很开心，一起大笑，总的来说度过了许多好时光。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"We had a lot of fun, laughed a lot and had a great time in general."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Times Online|2009}}”

在去世前不久的一次与《花花公子》采访中，列侬说：“西恩是一个计划内的孩子，区别就在这一点上。我对朱利安的爱不少一分。他仍旧是我的儿子，不管他的诞生是因为一瓶威士忌还是因为那些年还没有避孕药。他在这里，他属于我，他永远都是。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"Sean was a planned child, and therein lies the difference. I don't love Julian any less as a child. He's still my son, whether he came from a bottle of whiskey or because they didn't have pills in those days. He's here, he belongs to me, and he always will."}}|group="原文"}}”他表示自己正尝试与当时17岁的长子重新建立父子关系，自信地预言道：“朱利安和我在将来会有一段关系{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"Julian and I will have a relationship in the future."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Sheff|1981}}”列侬去世后，他的遗嘱据显示给朱利安的部分非常少{{sfn|Badman|2003|p=393}}。
=== 小野洋子 ===
1968年: 与先锋派艺术家小野洋子相遇,之后和辛西亚的婚姻破裂
1969年:与此同时小野洋子在直布骆拖结婚.
70年代:与小野洋子在纽约安家,继续音乐和艺术创作

=== 西恩·列侬 ===
{{further|西恩·列侬}}
列侬和小野復合后，她怀孕了。但她在此前试图和列侬生孩子时已经历了三次[[流产]]，小野说这次她想要[[堕胎]]。她同意在列侬成为[[家庭主夫]]的条件下继续妊娠，他照做了{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=535, 690}}。西恩于1975年10月9日由[[剖宫产]]出生，正逢列侬的35岁生日。列侬在接下来的五年中暂停了音乐事业，让摄影师在西恩生命的第一年中每天为他拍一张照片。他还为西恩创作了无数绘画，在他死后出版为《真爱：为西恩作的画》（{{lang|en|''Real Love: The Drawings for Sean''}}）。列侬日后自豪地宣称：“他没从我的肚子里生出来，但老天作证，我做了他的骨头，因为我照料了他的每顿饭，注意了他睡得如何，注意了他像鱼一样游泳的事实。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"He didn't come out of my belly but, by God, I made his bones, because I've attended to every meal, and to how he sleeps, and to the fact that he swims like a fish."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=535}}”

=== 前披头士成员 ===
{{Further|前披头士成员间的合作|保罗·麦卡特尼|乔治·哈里森|林戈·斯塔尔}}
[[File:The Beatles in America.JPG|thumb|right|列侬（左一）和其他乐队成员于1964年登陆美国。]]

披头士在1970年解散后，尽管列侬和斯塔尔的友谊一直维持不变，但他与麦卡特尼及哈里森的关系有所起伏。他一开始与哈里森关系亲近，但在列侬搬去美国后，两人渐行渐远。1974年12月，哈里森为他的《{{lang|en|Dark House}}》专辑巡演来到纽约。列侬答应在哈里森的演唱会上登场，但在一场争论后没有亮相。争论缘起于列侬拒签正式解除披头士合伙关系的法律文件（他最终在弗罗里达与[[庞凤仪]]和朱利安度假时签署了这份文件）{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=195}}。1980年，哈里森出版的自传中几乎没有提及列侬，让他觉得受到了冒犯{{sfn|Tillery|2011|p=121}}。列侬告诉《[[花花公子]]》杂志：“我受到了伤害。因显而易见的忽略……我对他人生的影响完全为零……他记得后来的日子里遇到的每一个无足轻重的萨克斯风乐手或吉他手。而书里没有我。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"I was hurt by it. By glaring omission ... my influence on his life is absolutely zilch ... he remembers every two-bit sax player or guitarist he met in subsequent years. I'm not in the book."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=327}}”

列侬对麦卡特尼保留着最强烈的情感。除了用歌曲《{{lang|en|How Do You Sleep?}}》的歌词攻击他外，列侬在乐队解散后的三年中通过报刊与他进行了骂战。后来，两人开始渐渐重拾他们曾经拥有的亲密友谊。1974年，他们甚至再次在一起鼓捣音乐，但之后最终又疏远。列侬说，麦卡特尼在1976年4月最后一次拜访他期间，他们看了一集《[[周六夜现场]]》，制作人[[洛恩·迈克尔斯]]（{{lang|en|Lorne Michaels}}）为披头士在节目上重组悬赏了3000美元现金{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=934–935}}。两人考虑当即前往录影棚完成一次搞笑亮相拿到奖金，但因太累了没有去{{sfn|Sheff|1981}}。列侬在去世前三天的一次采访中总结了他对麦卡特尼的感情：“在我的整个音乐生涯中，我只选择过……两个搭档：保罗·麦卡特尼和小野洋子……我选得不坏。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"Throughout my career, I've selected to work with ... only two people: Paul McCartney and Yoko Ono ... That ain't bad picking."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Cohn|2010–2011|p=95}}”

在与麦卡特尼失和期间，列侬一直感到和他有音乐上的竞争关系，时刻留意麦卡特尼的作品。在他远离乐坛的五年间，只要列侬认为麦卡特尼在制作平庸的音乐，他就满足于自己的隐退生活{{sfn|Seaman|1991|p=122}}。麦卡特尼于1980年发行歌曲《{{lang|en|Coming Up}}》时，他注意到了。那一年也是他重返录音室的一年和他生命的最后一年。他开玩笑地抱怨道：“那首歌把我逼疯了！”，因为它的旋律在他的脑海中挥之不去{{sfn|Seaman|1991|p=122}}。当被问到乐队成员之间的关系是可畏的敌人还是最好的朋友，列侬说两种都不是，他已经有很长时间没见到任何一位披头士成员了。但他也说道：“我依旧爱这些人。披头士已经终结了，但约翰、保罗、乔治和林戈继续前进。{{#tag:ref|原文：{{lang|en|"I still love those guys. The Beatles are over, but John, Paul, George and Ringo go on."}}|group="原文"}}{{sfn|Sheff|1981}}”

== 身后评价 ==
[[File:Lennon Statue, Liverpool.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|right|alt=A statue depicting a young Lennon outside a brick building. Next to the statue are three windows, with two side-by-side above the lower, which bears signage advertising the Cavern pub.|利物浦[[洞穴俱乐部]]外的塑像]]
音乐历史学家辛德和施瓦茨在写到上世纪50到60年代的音乐风格变化时写道，披头士对音乐的影响说得再大都不过分，因为他们“使声音、风格、对流行音乐的态度发生了翻天覆地的改变，为英国摇滚艺术家的浪潮开辟了道路”，此外，乐队“在60年代中后期拓宽了摇滚风格的边疆”。{{sfn|Schinder|Schwartz|2007|p=160}}很多乐队都视约翰·列侬为个人英雄，其中包括[[绿洲乐队]]，其主唱[[連恩·蓋勒格]]将自己的孩子取名为列侬·蓋勒格以表达对约翰的敬意。{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=265}}在1999年举行的{{link-en|全国诗歌日|National Poetry Month#International Poetry Celebrations}}上，BBC宣布了此前举行的“英国人最爱的歌词”投票的结果，列侬的《想象》（Imagine）成为赢家。{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=382–383}}

在[[卫报]]2006年的一篇文章中，乔恩·维纳写道：“对于那些经历过1972年的年轻人来讲，见证列侬和[美国总统]尼克松作对的勇气是惊心动魄的。那种愿意舍弃自己的音乐生涯与生命的意愿是当今人们仍敬仰他的原因之一。”{{sfn|Wiener|2006}}对于音乐历史学家尤里什和比伦来说，列侬最重要的贡献是“创作出了歌曲中的那些为了人类处境、描述人类处境、面向人类处境的自我剖析。”{{sfn|Urish|Bielen|2007|pp=121–122}}

在2002年，利物浦的机场被重命名为[[利物浦约翰·列侬机场]]。<ref name=fola>{{cite web | publisher = Friends of Liverpool Airport | url = http://www.fola.org.uk/current.html | title = Recent History and Current Developments | accessdate = 2013-02-10 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120624063000/http://www.fola.org.uk/current.html | archivedate = 2012-06-24 }}</ref>2010年，在列侬诞辰70周年之际，[[约翰·列侬和平纪念碑]]在利物浦[[查韦斯公园]]落成，并由辛西娅和朱利安·列侬揭幕。<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/music-news/8052634/Monument-to-John-Lennon-unveiled-in-Liverpool-on-his-70th-birthday.html|title= Monument to John Lennon unveiled in Liverpool on his '70th birthday' |location=London |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=2010-10-09}}</ref>雕塑被命名为“和平与和谐”，上有和平标志，并配有注释“为保护生命而渴求和平·纪念约翰·列侬1940–1980”。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zcHcCxVKKxs |title=Unveiling of 'Peace & Harmony', European Peace Monument – Dedicated to John Lennon |publisher=YouTube |date=2010-11-08 |accessdate=2013-07-10}}</ref>

2013年12月，[[国际天文联合会]]将水星上的一个陨石坑以列侬命名。<ref>{{cite web | url =http://www.space.com/24034-mercury-crater-name-john-lennon.html| title =Mercury Crater Named After John Lennon |publisher =Space.com| accessdate =2014-01-13 }}</ref>

=== 获奖与销量 ===
{{See Also|披头士所获奖项}}{{See Also|约翰·列侬所获奖项}}
列侬—麦卡特尼的作曲组合被认为是20世纪最有影响，最为成功的作曲组合之一。作为表演者、作者和合作者，列侬共有25支美国[[告示牌百强单曲榜]]冠军单曲。{{Ref|fn_a|a}}他的单飞生涯美国专辑销量至少为1400万。{{sfn|RIAA|2010b}}列侬生前的最后一张专辑《[[Double Fantasy|Double Fantasy》]]是他单飞生涯中销量最高的专辑，{{sfn|Greenberg|2010|p=202}}在美国销售300万张{{sfn|RIAA|2010a}}并获得1981年[[格莱美]]年度专辑奖项。{{sfn|grammy.com}}次年，列侬获得[[全英音乐奖]]。{{sfn|Brit Awards|2010}}

列侬是2002年BBC举行的[[最伟大的100名英国人]]投票中，列侬位列第8。{{sfn|BBC News|2002}}在2003年到2008年之间，[[滚石杂志]]多次将他列入各种榜单，在“历史上最伟大100名歌手”中，列侬位居第5，在“历史上最伟大100位音乐家”中，披头士高居榜首，列侬凭借单飞生涯成就位列38。{{sfn|Browne|2008}}{{sfn|Rolling Stone|2008}}他的专辑《[[约翰·列侬/塑胶小野乐团]]》和《[[想像 (专辑)|想象]]》分列滚石杂志评选的[[滚石杂志五百大专辑]]榜单的22位和76位，而披头士则有10张专辑上榜，4张进入前十，并凭借专辑《[[佩珀中士的寂寞之心俱乐部乐队]]》取得榜首位置。{{sfn|Rolling Stone|2008}}{{sfn|Rolling Stone|2003}}1965年，他与披头士其他成员获得[[MBE|大英帝國勳章]]。{{sfn|London Gazette|1965|p=5488}}列侬身后于1987年进入{{link-en|作曲家名人堂|Songwriters Hall of Fame}}，于1994年被引进[[摇滚名人堂]]。{{sfn|The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum|1994}}
<br />
{{Clear}}

== 作品目录 ==
{{See also|{{le|约翰·列侬音乐作品列表|John Lennon discography}}|披頭四作品列表}}
* 《{{lang|en|[[Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins]]}}》（与小野洋子合作）（1968）
* 《{{lang|en|[[Unfinished Music No. 2: Life with the Lions]]}}》（与小野洋子合作）（1969）
* 《{{lang|en|[[Wedding Album]]}}》（与小野洋子合作）（1969）
* 《{{lang|en|[[John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band]]}}》（1970）
* 《{{lang|en|[[Imagine (专辑)|Imagine]]}}》（1971）
* 《{{lang|en|[[Some Time in New York City]]}}》（与小野洋子合作）（1972）
* 《{{lang|en|[[Mind Games (约翰·列侬专辑)|Mind Games]]}}》（1973）
* 《{{lang|en|[[Walls and Bridges]]}}》（1974）
* 《{{lang|en|[[Rock 'n' Roll (约翰·列侬专辑)|Rock 'n' Roll]]}}》（1975）
* 《{{lang|en|[[Double Fantasy]]}}》（与小野洋子合作）（1980）
* 《{{lang|en|[[Milk and Honey]]}}》（与小野洋子合作）（1984）

=== 电影 ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! 年份
! 片名
! 角色
! class="unsortable" | 注
|-
| 1964
| 《[[一夜狂欢 (电影)|一夜狂欢]]》
| 他自己
|
|-
| 1965
| [[救命 (电影)|救命]]
| 他自己
|
|-
| 1967
| ''[[How I Won the War]]''
| {{lang|en|Gripweed}}
|
|-
| 1967
| ''[[Magical Mystery Tour (film)|Magical Mystery Tour]]''
| 他自己 / Ticket Salesman / Magician with Coffee
| Also Narrator, writer and director (producer uncredited)
|-
| 1968
| 《[[黄色潜水艇 (电影)|黄色潜水艇]]》
| 他自己
| 片末的彩蛋出场
|-
| 1968
| ''[[Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins|Two Virgins]]''
|
| 短片
|-
| 1970
| ''Apotheosis''
|
| Short Film
|-
| 1970
| ''[[Let It Be (1970 film)|Let It Be]]''
| 他自己
| Documentary (executive producer - as The Beatles)
|}

=== 电视 ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 1965-1966
| ''[[Not Only... But Also]]''
| Lavatory Attendant / Guest
| Episode: "Episode #1.1 (1965) & Christmas Special (1966)"
|}

=== 書籍 ===
* 《[[In His Own Write]]》（1964年4月27日）
* 《[[A Spaniard in the Works]]》（1965年6月14日）
* 《[[Skywritng by Word of Mouth|Skywriting by Word of Mouth]]》（1986年10月10日）

== 注释 ==
{{note|fn_a| Note a:}} Lennon was responsible for 25 [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] number one singles as performer, writer or co-writer.
* Solo (2): "[[Whatever Gets You thru the Night]]", "[[(Just Like) Starting Over]]".{{sfn|Allmusic|2010a}}
* With The Beatles (20): "[[Can't Buy Me Love]]", "[[I Feel Fine]]", "[[I Want to Hold Your Hand]]", "[[Love Me Do]]", "[[She Loves You]]", "[[A Hard Day's Night (song)|A Hard Day's Night]]", "[[Eight Days a Week]]", "[[Help! (song)|Help!]]", "[[Ticket to Ride]]", "[[Yesterday (Beatles song)|Yesterday]]", "[[Paperback Writer]]", "[[We Can Work It Out]]", "[[All You Need Is Love]]", "[[Hello, Goodbye]]", "[[Penny Lane]]", "[[Hey Jude]]", "[[Something (Beatles song)|Something]]"/"[[Come Together]]", "[[Get Back]]", "[[Let It Be (song)|Let It Be]]", "[[The Long and Winding Road]]"/"[[For You Blue]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1044523/hot-100-anniversary-most-no-1s-by-artist|title=Most No. 1s By Artist (All-Time)|work=Billboard|accessdate=2014-12-18}}</ref>
* As co-writer of and performer on releases by another artist (2): "[[Fame (David Bowie song)|Fame]]" (David Bowie).,{{sfn|Allmusic|2010e}} "[[Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds]]" (Elton John).{{sfn|Allmusic|2010c}}
* As co-writer of release by other artists (1): "[[A World Without Love]]" ([[Peter and Gordon]]){{sfn|Allmusic|2010d}}
{{refend}}

=== 译注 ===
{{Reflist|group="原文"}}

== 参考文献 ==
=== 引用 ===
{{Reflist|20em}}

=== 来源 ===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite news
| work=[[BBC News]]
| year=2002
| title=100 great British heroes
| date=2002-08-21
| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/2208671.stm
| ref={{SfnRef|BBC News|2002}}
}}
* {{cite news
| work=BBC News
| year=2007a
| title=1969: Millions march in US Vietnam Moratorium
| date=1969-10-15
| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/15/newsid_2533000/2533131.stm
| ref={{SfnRef|BBC News|2007a}}
}}
* {{cite web
| work=ACLU of Southern California
| year=2006
| title=After 25 Years, FBI Releases Last Ten Documents in John Lennon FBI File
| date=2006-12-20
| url=http://www.aclu-sc.org/releases/view/102254
| ref={{SfnRef|ACLU of Southern California|2006}}
}}
* {{cite web
| title=Beatle Freak: Lennon Talks
| work=Rock's Backpages
| url=http://www.rocksbackpages.com/article.html?ArticleID=737
| ref={{SfnRef|rocksbackpages.com}}
}}
* {{cite video
| publisher=[[EMI]]
| title=The Beatles Anthology DVD, Episode 6
| date=2003
| format=DVD
| time=0:37:32
| ref={{SfnRef|EMI|2003}}
}}
* {{cite web
|work = BBC News
|year = 2007b
|title = Beatles in Bangor
|url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/walesonair/database/beatles.shtml
|accessdate = 2007-11-16
|ref = {{SfnRef|BBC News|2007b}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090110203325/http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/walesonair/database/beatles.shtml
|archivedate = 2009-01-10
}}
* {{cite book
| author=The Beatles
| year=2000
| authorlink=The Beatles
| title=The Beatles Anthology
| publisher=Chronicle Books
| location=San Francisco
| isbn=0-8118-2684-8
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| author=The Beatles
| year=2003
| authorlink=The Beatles
| title=[[The Beatles Anthology]]（DVD）
| publisher=[[Apple records]]
| id=ASIN: B00008GKEG（Bar Code: 24349 29699）
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Bennahum
| first=David
| year=1991
| title=The Beatles After the Break-Up: In Their Own Words
| publisher=Omnibus Press
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Bernard
| first=Kate
| year=2006
| title=Playing to the gallery
| date=2006-11-05
| work=The Observer
| url=http://arts.guardian.co.uk/features/story/0,,1937863,00.html
| accessdate=2007-01-29
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Blaney
| first=John
| year=2005)
| title=John Lennon: Listen to this Book
| publisher=Paper Jukebox
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite news
| last=Bright
| first=Martin
| year=2000
| title=Lennon aided IRA, claims MI5 renegade
| date=2000-02-20
| url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2000/feb/20/northernireland.martinbright
| accessdate=2009-10-08
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| work=New York City Department of Parks & Recreation
| year=2009
| title=Bringing to Life "Strawberry Fields Forever"
| url=http://www.nycgovparks.org/sub_about/parks_history/strawberryfields.html
| accessdate=2009-12-07
| ref={{SfnRef|New York City Department of Parks & Recreation|2009}}
}}
* {{cite web
| publisher=Every Hit
| year=2008
| title=The Brit Awards
| url=http://www.everyhit.co.uk/awardbrit.html
| accessdate=2008-03-17
| ref={{SfnRef|Every Hit|2008}}
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Browne
| first=Jackson
| year=2008
| authorlink=Jackson Browne
| title=100 Greatest Singers of All Time
| date=2008-11-12
| work=Rolling Stone
| url=http://www.rollingstone.com/news/coverstory/24161972/page/5
| accessdate=2009-02-04
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Brown
| first=Peter
| year=1983
| authorlink=Peter Brown
| title=The Love You Make: An Insider's Story of The Beatles
| publisher=[[McGraw Hill]]
| isbn=0-07-008159-X
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Buchanan
| first=Jason
| year=2009
| title=Overview of ''Twenty to Life: The Life and Times of John Sinclair''
| work=[[Allmovie]]
| url=http://www.allmovie.com/work/twenty-to-life-the-life-and-times-of-john-sinclair-316826
| accessdate=2009-12-07
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Buskin
| first=Richard
| year=2008
| title=The Death of John Lennon's Father, Alf Lennon
| work=How Stuff Works
| url=http://people.howstuffworks.com/john-lennon46.htm
| accessdate=2008-02-28
| ref=harv
}}
* {{Citation
| last=Button
| first=James
| year=2007
| title=Sergeant Pepper's wild trip
| date=2007-06-02
| publisher=[[The Age]]
| url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/in-depth/sergeant-peppers-wild-trip/2007/06/01/1180205508929.html?page=3
| accessdate=2008-12-11
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Calkin
| first=Graham
| year=2000
| title=Whatever Gets You Thru The Night b/w Beef Jerky
| date=2007-02-19
| work=Graham Calkin's Beatles Pages
| url=http://www.jpgr.co.uk/r5998.html
| accessdate=2008-03-02
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Calkin
| first=Graham
| work=Graham Calkin's Beatles Pages
| year=2002
| title=Goodnight Vienna
| url=http://www.jpgr.co.uk/pcs7168.html
| accessdate=2007-12-17
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite news
| last=Cave
| first=Damien
| year=2004
| last2=Diehl
| first2=Matt
| title=50 moments that changed the history of rock & roll: The Death of John Lennon in 1980
| date=2004-06-24
| work=Rolling Stone
| first3=Gavin
| last3=Edwards
| first4=Jenny
| last4=Eliscu
| first5=David
| last5=Fricke
| first6=Lauren
| last6=Gitlin
| first7=Matt
| last7=Hendrickson
| first8=Kirk
| last8=Miller
| first9=Austin
| last9=Scaggs
| first10=Rob
| last10=Sheffield
| issue=951
| issn=0035-791X
| url=http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/6085503/the_death_of_john_lennon_in_1980
| accessdate=2007-11-16
| ref={{SfnRef|Cave et al.|2004|p=140}}
}}
* {{cite web
|last = Clarke Jr.
|first = John
|year = 2007
|title = Whatever gets you through the storm
|date = 2007-01-09
|work = Paste Magazine
|url = http://www.pastemagazine.com/action/article/3687/whatever_gets_you_through_the_storm
|accessdate = 2008-03-06
|ref = harv
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100117152223/http://www.pastemagazine.com/action/article/3687/whatever_gets_you_through_the_storm
|archivedate = 2010-01-17
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Cleave
| first=Maureen
| year=2007
| title=The John Lennon I Knew
| work=Telegraph.co.uk
| url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2005/10/05/bmlennon05.xml
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Coleman
| first=Ray
| year=1984
| title=John Winston Lennon
| publisher=Sidjwick & Jackson
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Coleman
| first=Ray
| year=1989
| authorlink=Ray Coleman
| title=Lennon: the definitive biography
| publisher=[[HarperCollins|Harper]]
| isbn=0-330-48330-7
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Coleman
| first=Ray
| title=John Ono Lennon: Volume 2 1967-1980
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite news
| last=Connolly
| first=Ray
| year=2009
| title=The lost Lennon Interviews
| date=2009-09-06
| work=The Sunday Times Magazine
| url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/beatles/
| ref=harv
| location=London}}
* {{cite book
| last=Cross
| first=Craig
| year=2005
| title=The Beatles: Day-by-Day, Song-by-Song, Record-by-Record
| publisher=iUniverse, Inc.
| location=Lincoln, NE
| isbn=0-595-34663-4
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
|publisher = merseyworld.com
|year = 2007
|title = Cynthia Lennon interview with Linda McDermott, ''Liverpool Echo'', 17 February 1995
|url = http://www.merseyworld.com/beatlemania/cynthia/
|accessdate = 2007-12-20
|ref = {{SfnRef|merseyworld.com|2007}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20061210204323/http://www.merseyworld.com/beatlemania/cynthia/
|archivedate = 2006年12月10日
}}
* {{cite web
|work = The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum
|year = 1996
|title = David Bowie
|url = http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/david-bowie
|accessdate = 2007-08-31
|ref = {{SfnRef|The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum|1996}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080220103936/http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/david-bowie
|archivedate = 2008-02-20
}}
* {{cite web
|publisher = joinnutopia.com
|year = 2007
|title = Declaration of Nutopia
|url = http://www.joinnutopia.com/
|accessdate = 2007-12-20
|ref = {{SfnRef|joinnutopia.com|2007}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080206011358/http://www.joinnutopia.com/
|archivedate = 2008-02-06
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Deming
| first=Mark
| year=2008
| title=Overview of ''John Lennon: Live in New York City''
| work=Allmovie
| url=http://www.allmovie.com/work/john-lennon-live-in-new-york-city-26375
| accessdate=2008-03-03
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Emerick
| first=Geoff
| year=2006
| authorlink=Geoff Emerick
| last2=Massey
| first2=Howard
| title=Here, There and Everywhere: My Life Recording the Music of the Beatles
| publisher=[[Penguin Books]]
| location=New York
| isbn=1-592-40179-1
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite news
| publisher=The Associated Press
| year=2006
| title=FBI Releases Last Pages From Lennon File
| date=2006-12-20
| url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/12/20/AR2006122000227.html
| ref={{SfnRef|The Associated Press|2006}}
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Fanning
| first=Evan
| year=2009
| title=Imagine: A life in Lennon's shoes
| date=2009-08-16
| work=The Independent
| url=http://www.independent.ie/lifestyle/imagine-a-life-in-lennons-shoes-1861323.html
| accessdate=2009-08-19
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Fawcett
| first=Anthony
| year=1976
| title=John Lennon: One Day at a Time
| publisher=Evergreen
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| publisher=summum.us
| year=2007
| title=The first English language translation of the famous Tibetan death text
| url=http://www.summum.us/mummification/tbotd/
| accessdate=2007-10-27
| ref={{SfnRef|summum.us|2007}}
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Fontenot
| first=Robert
| year=1980
| title=Did John Lennon have any signs of his impending death?
| date=1980-12-28
| work=The New York Times
| url=http://oldies.about.com/od/oldieshistory/f/lennondeath.htm
| accessdate=2009-02-04
| ref=harv
| quote=I'll probably be popped off by some loony.
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Frankel
| first=Glenn
| year=2007
| title=Nowhere Man (p4)
| date=2007-08-26
| work=[[The Washington Post]]
| url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/21/AR2007082101714_4.html
| accessdate=2008-04-19
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Frankel
| first=Glenn
| year=2007
| title=Nowhere Man
| date=2007-08-26
| work=The Washington Post
| url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/21/AR2007082101714.html
| accessdate=2008-04-19
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Gass
| first=Glenn
| year=2008
| title=Liverpool: Beatle Birthplaces
| work=Indiana University School of Music
| url=http://www.music.indiana.edu/som/courses/rock/birthplaces.html
| accessdate=2008-01-10
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Gerson
| first=Ben
| year=1974
| title=Wall and Bridges LP
| date=1974-11-21
| work=Rolling Stone
| url=http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/johnlennon/albums/album/170665/review/5945311/walls_and_bridges
| accessdate=2008-02-28
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Ginell
| first=Richard S.
| year=2009
| title=Milk and Honey Review
| work=[[Allmusic]]
| url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/r11541
| accessdate=2009-10-08
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Goldman
| first=Albert Harry
| year=2001
| title=The Lives of John Lennon
| ref=harv
}}
* {{Citation
| work=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]]
| year=1980
| title=Grand Jury Indicts Chapman in Lennon Slaying
| date=1980-12-24
| url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=X1ANAAAAIBAJ&sjid=yW0DAAAAIBAJ&pg=3356,4628713&dq=john-winston-ono-lennon
| accessdate=2008-12-11
| ref={{SfnRef|Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|1980}}
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Harry
| first=Bill
| year=1964
| title=The Daily Howl
| date=1964-03-12
| work=Mersey Beat
| url=http://triumphpc.com/mersey-beat/archives/dailyhowl.shtml
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Harry
| first=Bill
| year=2000a
| authorlink=Bill Harry
| title=The Beatles Encyclopedia: Revised and Updated
| publisher=Virgin Publishing
| location=London
| isbn=0-7535-0481-2
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Harry
| first=Bill
| year=2000b
| title=The John Lennon Encyclopedia
| publisher=Virgin
| location=London
| isbn=0-7535-0404-9
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Harry
| first=Bill
| year=2009
| title=John Lennon and Blackpool
| work=Mersey Beat
| url=http://www.triumphpc.com/mersey-beat/beatles/johnlennon-blackpool.shtml
| accessdate=2009-09-24
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Harry
| first=Bill
| year=2009
| title=John Lennon and Blackpool
| work=Mersey Beat
| url=http://www.triumphpc.com/mersey-beat/beatles/johnlennon-blackpool2.shtml
| accessdate=2009-09-24
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| work=Rolling Stone
| year=2008
| title=The Immortals: The First Fifty
| date=2008-04-12
| url=http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5939214/the_immortals_the_first_fifty
| accessdate=2004-03-24
| ref={{SfnRef|Rolling Stone|2008}}
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Jatras
| first=Todd
| year=2007
| title=Iceland Imagines Peace
| date=2007-11-11
| url=http://www.wired.com/underwire/2007/11/iceland-imagine
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| work=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]
| year=2008
| title=John Cage biog
| url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9018542/John-Cage
| accessdate=2008-02-28
| ref={{SfnRef|Encyclopædia Britannica|2008}}
}}
* {{cite web
| work=Super Seventies RockSite!
| year=2007a
| title=John Lennon - Imagine
| url=http://www.superseventies.com/lennon2.html
| accessdate=2007-01-20
| ref={{SfnRef|Super Seventies RockSite!|2007a}}
}}
* {{cite web
| work=Super Seventies RockSite!
| year=2007b
| title=John Lennon - Mind Games
| url=http://www.superseventies.com/lennon3.html
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref={{SfnRef|Super Seventies RockSite!|2007b}}
}}
* {{cite web
|work = You Are the Plastic Ono Band
|year = 2007b
|title = John Lennon - Primal therapy
|url = http://homepage.ntlworld.com/carousel/pob11.html
|accessdate = 2007-12-12
|ref = {{SfnRef|You Are the Plastic Ono Band|2007b}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071210220803/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/carousel/pob11.html
|archivedate = 2007-12-10
}}
* {{cite web
| title=John Lennon - The Complete BBC Interview, 12/6/1980 Part 14
| url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=biYXDlc4bWI
| ref={{SfnRef|youtube.com}}
}}
* {{cite web
| work=Super Seventies RockSite!
| year=2007c
| title=John Lennon - Walls And Bridges
| url=http://www.superseventies.com/lennon4.html
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref={{SfnRef|Super Seventies RockSite!|2007c}}
}}
* {{cite web
|work = You Are the Plastic Ono Band
|year = 2008c
|title = John Lennon Books
|url = http://homepage.ntlworld.com/carousel/pob08.html
|accessdate = 2008-03-03
|ref = {{SfnRef|You Are the Plastic Ono Band|2008c}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080216063427/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/carousel/pob08.html
|archivedate = 2008-02-16
}}
* {{cite web
| work=Allmusic
| year=2009
| title=John Lennon Discography, Singles & EPs
| url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/john-lennon-p4744
| accessdate=2009-12-07
| ref={{SfnRef|Allmusic|2009}}
}}
* {{cite web
|work = Songwriters Hall of Fame
|year = 2009
|title = John Lennon Exhibit
|url = http://songwritershalloffame.org/exhibits/C115
|accessdate = 2009-04-11
|ref = {{SfnRef|Songwriters Hall of Fame|2009}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20101218082058/http://songwritershalloffame.org/exhibits/C115
|archivedate = 2010年12月18日
|df =
}}
* {{cite web
| work=BLSart.com
| year=2009
| title=John Lennon Statue
| url=http://www.blsart.com/lennon.php
| accessdate=2009-10-08
| ref={{SfnRef|BLSart.com|2009}}
}}
* {{cite web
|publisher = solcomhouse.com
|year = 2007
|title = John Lennon biography
|url = http://www.solcomhouse.com/johnlennon.htm
|accessdate = 2007-12-20
|ref = {{SfnRef|solcomhouse.com|2007}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071230092820/http://www.solcomhouse.com/johnlennon.htm
|archivedate = 2007-12-30
}}
* {{cite web
|work = You Are the Plastic Ono Band
|year = 2007a
|title = John Lennon on Television
|url = http://homepage.ntlworld.com/carousel/pob18.html
|accessdate = 2007-12-17
|ref = {{SfnRef|You Are the Plastic Ono Band|2007a}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071207201246/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/carousel/pob18.html
|archivedate = 2007-12-07
}}
* {{cite web
| work=Panoramio
| year=2009b
| title=John Lennon statue, Hard Day's Night Hotel, Liverpool
| url=http://www.panoramio.com/photo/7939768
| accessdate=2009-12-07
| ref={{SfnRef|Panoramio|2009b}}
}}
* {{cite web
|work = StockphotoPro
|year = 2009
|title = John Lennon statue, John Lennon Airport, Liverpool
|url = http://www.stockphotopro.com/photo_of/John/AC85DR/John_Lennon_Statue
|accessdate = 2009-12-07
|ref = {{SfnRef|StockphotoPro|2009}}
}}{{dead link|date=2018年4月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* {{cite web
| work=Panoramio
| year=2009a
| title=John Lennon statue, San Miguel, Lima, Peru
| url=http://www.panoramio.com/photo/8110017
| accessdate=2009-12-07
| ref={{SfnRef|Panoramio|2009a}}
}}
* {{cite web
|work = You Are the Plastic Ono Band
|year = 2008b
|title = John Lennon's homes, Part Three - New York City
|url = http://homepage.ntlworld.com/carousel/pob42.html
|accessdate = 2008-02-28
|ref = {{SfnRef|You Are the Plastic Ono Band|2008b}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080311081310/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/carousel/pob42.html
|archivedate = 2008-03-11
}}
* {{cite web
|work = You Are the Plastic Ono Band
|year = 2008a
|title = John Lennon's homes, Part Two - London
|url = http://homepage.ntlworld.com/carousel/pob41.html
|accessdate = 2008-11-02
|ref = {{SfnRef|You Are the Plastic Ono Band|2008a}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080917075756/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/carousel/pob41.html
|archivedate = 2008-09-17
}}
* {{cite web
| work=Guardian
| year=2008
| title=John Lennon, MBE
| url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/pictures/image/0,8543,-10804303037,00.html
| accessdate=2008-03-02
| ref={{SfnRef|Guardian|2008}}
}}
* {{cite web
| work=Uforth
| year=2007
| title=John Lennon/May Pang Sighting
| publisher=uforth.com
| url=http://www.uforth.com/John%20Lennon.htm
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref={{SfnRef|Uforth|2007}}
}}
* {{cite news
| work=Los Angeles Times
| year=2007
| title=John Lennon: Beloved in Peru too
| date=2007-12-07
| url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/laplaza/2007/12/john-lennon-bel.html
| ref={{SfnRef|Los Angeles Times|2007}}
}}
* {{cite video
| publisher=Warner Brothers
| title=John Lennon: Imagine, Cynthia Lennon Interview
| date=1988
| ref={{SfnRef|Warner Brothers|1988}}
}}
* {{cite web
| work=Morbid Curiosity
| year=2008
| title=John Lennon
| url=http://www.morbid-curiosity.com/id91.htm
| accessdate=2008-05-03
| ref={{SfnRef|Morbid Curiosity|2008}}
}}
* {{cite web
|work = The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum
|year = 1994
|title = John Lennon
|url = http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/john-lennon
|accessdate = 2007-12-20
|ref = {{SfnRef|The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum|1994}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100117042844/http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/john-lennon
|archivedate = 2010-01-17
}}
* {{cite book
| author=John S. Friedman
| year=2005
| title=The secret histories: hidden truths that challenged the past and changed the world
| publisher=Macmillan
| url=http://books.google.com/books?id=wERx-0P2HPsC&pg=PA252&dq=lennon+wiener+%22fourteen+years%22&ei=pv2tSfWTEYS6kQSl9IiXBQ
| isbn=9780312425173
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
|work = Wolfgang's Vault
|year = 2009
|title = John Sinclair Poster
|url = http://www.wolfgangsvault.com/dt/john-sinclair-poster/CAU711210-PO.html
|accessdate = 2009-05-05
|ref = {{SfnRef|Wolfgang's Vault|2009}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090412085602/http://www.wolfgangsvault.com/dt/john-sinclair-poster/CAU711210-PO.html
|archivedate = 2009-04-12
}}
* {{cite news
| work=BBC News
| year=2000
| title=Judge releases Lennon letters
| date=2000-02-19
| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/648607.stm
| ref={{SfnRef|BBC News|2000}}
}}
* {{cite web
| work=Times Online
| year=2009
| title=Julian Lennon gives family peace a chance
| date=2009-06-13
| url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article6492509.ece?token=null&offset=12&page=2
| accessdate=2009-06-14
| ref={{SfnRef|Times Online|2009}}
| location=London}}
* {{cite web
| last=Kim
| first=Ruehl
| year=2007
| title=Top 10 Classic Protest Songs
| date=2007-02-19
| work=About.com
| url=http://folkmusic.about.com/od/toptens/tp/Top10Protest.htm
| accessdate=2008-02-28
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Lawrence
| first=Ken
| year=2005
| title=John Lennon: In His Own Words
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite news
| work=BBC News
| year=2003
| title=Leak reveals honours snubs
| date=2003-12-21
| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3338583.stm
| ref={{SfnRef|BBC News|2003}}
}}
* {{cite web
| work=The Beatles Interview Database
| year=1968
| title=Lennon & McCartney Interview, The Tonight Show
| date=1968-05-14
| url=http://www.beatlesinterviews.org/db1968.05ts.beatles.html
| accessdate=2007-01-07
| ref={{SfnRef|The Beatles Interview Database|1968}}
}}
* {{cite web
| work=The Beatles Interview Database
| year=1971
| title=Lennon & McCartney, Melody Maker Magazine
| date=November 1971
| url = http://www.beatlesinterviews.org/db1971.11jp.beatles.html
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref={{SfnRef|The Beatles Interview Database|1971}}
}}
* {{cite web
| publisher=lennonfbifiles.com
| year=2007
| title=Lennon Files
| url=http://lennonfbifiles.com/fbi_release06.html
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref={{SfnRef|lennonfbifiles.com|2007}}
}}
* {{cite news
| work=BBC News
| year=2006a
| title=Lennon filmmakers credit campaign
| date=2006-10-12
| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6040148.stm
| ref={{SfnRef|BBC News|2006a}}
}}
* {{cite news
| work=CNN.com
| year=2004
| title=Lennon killer denied parole
| date=2004-10-06
| url=http://www.cnn.com/2004/LAW/10/05/chapman.parole/index.html
| accessdate=2007-12-08
| ref={{SfnRef|CNN.com|2004}}
}}
* {{cite news
| work=BBC News
| year=2006d
| title=Lennon killer fails in parole bid
| date=2006-10-11
| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/6039276.stm
| ref={{SfnRef|BBC News|2006d}}
}}
* {{cite news
| work=BBC News
| year=2006b
| title=Lennon ship log book up for sale
| date=2006-03-27
| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4849940.stm
| ref={{SfnRef|BBC News|2006b}}
}}
* {{cite web
| publisher=LennonFBIfiles.com
| year=2007
| title=Lennon's FBI files
| url=http://www.LennonFBIfiles.com
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref={{SfnRef|LennonFBIfiles.com|2007}}
}}
* {{cite news
| work=BBC News
| year=2005
| title=The Lennon-McCartney Songwriting Partnership
| date=2005-11-04
| url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A5950929
| ref={{SfnRef|BBC News|2005}}
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Lennon
| first=Cynthia
| year=1978
| authorlink=Cynthia Lennon
| title=A Twist of Lennon
| publisher=Avon
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Lennon
| first=John
| year=1987
| title=Skywriting by Word of Mouth: And Other Writings, Including "The Ballad of John and Yoko"
| publisher=Harper Paperbacks
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Lennon
| first=Cynthia
| year=2005
| authorlink=Cynthia Lennon
| title=John
| publisher=Crown Publishers
| isbn=0-307-33855-X
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| work=NNDB
| year=2007
| title=Lennon’s religion
| url = http://www.nndb.com/people/294/000026216/
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref={{SfnRef|NNDB|2007}}
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Leonard
| first=Hal
| year=1993
| authorlink=Hal Leonard
| title=The Beatles - Complete Scores
| publisher=[[Hal Leonard Corporation]]
| isbn=978-0-7935-1832-6
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
|last = Lewis
|first = Martin
|year = 2008
|title = An interview with Mark Stanfield
|publisher = Martin Lewis
|url = http://abbeyrd.best.vwh.net/twoofus/stanfield.html
|accessdate = 2008-03-02
|ref = harv
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080311041954/http://abbeyrd.best.vwh.net/twoofus/stanfield.html
|archivedate = 2008-03-11
}}
* {{cite web
|publisher = Springtime!
|year = 2008
|title = The Life of Brian (p3)
|url = http://www.brianepstein.com/brian3.html
|accessdate = 2008-04-19
|ref = {{SfnRef|Springtime!|2008}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080415030108/http://www.brianepstein.com/brian3.html
|archivedate = 2008-04-15
}}
* {{cite web
|publisher = icons.org.uk
|year = 2007
|title = Liverpool Cathedral
|url = http://www.icons.org.uk/nom/nominations/liverpool-anglican-cathederal
|accessdate = 2007-12-20
|ref = {{SfnRef|icons.org.uk|2007}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080106140033/http://www.icons.org.uk/nom/nominations/liverpool-anglican-cathederal
|archivedate = 2008-01-06
}}
* {{cite web
|work = Lennon.net
|year = 2007a
|title = The Liverpool Lennons
|url = http://www.lennon.net/familytree/sub/julia_stanley.shtml
|accessdate = 2007-12-20
|ref = {{SfnRef|Lennon.net|2007a}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110721182339/http://www.lennon.net/familytree/sub/julia_stanley.shtml
|archivedate = 2011-07-21
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Madinger
| first=Chip
| year=2000
| last2=Easter
| first2=Mark
| title=Eight Arms To Hold You: The Solo Beatles Compendium
| publisher=44.1 Productions
| isbn=0-615-11724-4
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
|first = Laurence
|last = Marcus
|year = 2008a
|first2 = Stephen
|last2 = Hulse
|title = The Morecambe and Wise Show
|publisher = Television Heaven
|url = http://www.televisionheaven.co.uk/morecambeandwise.htm
|accessdate = 2008-03-02
|ref = harv
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080308204233/http://www.televisionheaven.co.uk/morecambeandwise.htm
|archivedate = 2008-03-08
}}
* {{cite web
|first = Laurence
|last = Marcus
|year = 2008b
|first2 = Stephen
|last2 = Hulse
|title = Not Only…But Also…
|publisher = Television Heaven
|url = http://www.televisionheaven.co.uk/not.htm
|accessdate = 2008-03-02
|ref = harv
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080408064952/http://www.televisionheaven.co.uk/not.htm
|archivedate = 2008-04-08
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Melanson
| first=Philip H.
| year=2002
| title=Secrecy Wars: National Security, Privacy, and the Public's Right to Know
| publisher=Brassey
| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=ebuvUwx4juIC&pg=PA78&dq=%22national+security%22+lennon+wiener+1972+fbi&ei=kQGuSauxD43gkwSFo72XBQ
| isbn=9781574885453
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
|work = Lennon.net
|year = 2007b
|title = Memorabilia: The Julian Lennon Collection
|url = http://www.lennon.net/memorabilia/blackguitar.shtml
|accessdate = 2007-08-28
|ref = {{SfnRef|Lennon.net|2007b}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110625200750/http://www.lennon.net/memorabilia/blackguitar.shtml
|archivedate = 2011-06-25
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Miles
| first=Barry
| year=1997
| authorlink=Barry Miles
| title=Paul McCartney: Many Years From Now
| publisher=Henry Holt & Company
| location=New York
| isbn=0-8050-5249-6
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite news
| work=[[London Gazette]]（supplement）
| year=1965
| title=Most Excellent Order of the British Empire
| date=1965-06-04
| url = http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/43667/supplements/5488
| accessdate=2009-12-07
| ref={{SfnRef|London Gazette|1965|p=5488}}
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Norman
| first=Philip
| year=1981
| title=A Talk with Yoko
| date=1981-05-25
| work=New York Magazine
| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=9uUCAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA38&lpg=PA38&dq=%22new+york+magazine%22+1981+ono+lennon+%22closet+fag%22&source=bl&ots=ESjx__PlKp&sig=oxGA1iPR4PHrUY6BrLVlqKXeGlM&hl=en&ei=6kEJS-nFKNSd_AaXrM3PBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CBEQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=&f=false
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
|publisher = nostalgiacentral.com
|year = 2007
|title = Nostalgia Central - important dates 1973
|url = http://www.nostalgiacentral.com/years/1973.htm
|accessdate = 2007-12-20
|ref = {{SfnRef|nostalgiacentral.com|2007}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071223103120/http://www.nostalgiacentral.com/years/1973.htm
|archivedate = 2007-12-23
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Pang
| first=May
| year=1983
| authorlink=May Pang
| title=Loving John
| publisher=[[Warner Books]]
| isbn=978-0-446-37916-8
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Pang
| first=May
| year=2008
| authorlink=May Pang
| title=Instamatic Karma: Photographs of John Lennon
| publisher=[[St. Martin's Press]]
| isbn=978-0-312-37741-0
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| title=Paul McCartney 1984 Playboy Interview
| year=2007
| url = http://members.tripod.com/~taz4158/macint.htm
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref={{SfnRef|tripod.com|2007}}
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Peel
| first=Ian
| year=2002
| title=The Unknown Paul McCartney
| publisher=Reynolds & Hearn Ltd
| isbn=1-903111-36-6
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| title=Photos of Clubs in Hamburg
| year=2007
| url = http://images.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://webs.wichita.edu/mschneegurt/hamburg/kaiserkeller.gif&imgrefurl=http://webs.wichita.edu/mschneegurt/hamburg/hamburg.html&h=254&w=355&sz=65&hl=en&start=1&tbnid=XuBKiGVW2CiqFM:&tbnh=87&tbnw=121&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dkaiserkeller%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DG
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref={{SfnRef|google.co.uk|2007}}
}}
* {{cite web
| work=The New York Times
| year=2007
| title=Pied Piper Of Psychedelic 60's, Dies at 75 – 1 June 1996
| url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9500E0DD1E39F932A35755C0A960958260
| accessdate=2007-10-27
| ref={{SfnRef|The New York Times|2007}}
}}
* {{cite web
| work=john-lennon.com
| year=2007
| title=Playboy Interview with John Lennon and Yoko Ono - 1980
| url = http://www.john-lennon.com/playboyinterviewwithjohnlennonandyokoono.htm
| accessdate=2007-12-15
| ref={{SfnRef|john-lennon.com|2007}}
}}
* {{cite web
|title = Plaça De John Lennon
|year = 2009
|work = BCNinternet
|url = http://www.bcninternet.com/touristinfo.php?contentid=719
|accessdate = 2009-12-07
|ref = {{SfnRef|BCNinternet|2009}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110213092537/http://www.bcninternet.com/touristinfo.php?contentid=719
|archivedate = 2011-02-13
}}
* {{cite web
|last = Prince
|first = Dennis
|year = 2005
|title = Review of ''The Dick Cavett Show: The John Lennon And Yoko Ono Collection''
|date = 2005-12-19
|work = DVD Verdict
|url = http://www.dvdverdict.com/reviews/cavettlennon.php
|accessdate = 2007-12-20
|ref = harv
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071224155443/http://www.dvdverdict.com/reviews/cavettlennon.php
|archivedate = 2007-12-24
}}
* {{cite web
| title=Rock N' Roll Music
| year=2009
| url = http://www.aboutthebeatles.com/discography_lp_rocknrollmusic.php
| accessdate=2009-10-08
| ref={{SfnRef|aboutthebeatles.com|2009}}
}}
* {{cite web
|last = Russell
|first = Ethan
|year = 2008
|title = Eric Clapton, Keith Richards, John Lennon "The Dirty Mac," 1968
|work = Ethan Russell Photographs
|url = http://www.ethanrussell.com/Gallery/g2-supergroup.html
|accessdate = 2008-03-02
|ref = harv
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080228035943/http://www.ethanrussell.com/Gallery/g2-supergroup.html
|archivedate = 2008-02-28
}}
* {{cite web
| publisher=snltranscripts.jt.org
| year=1976
| title=SNL Transcripts: Beatles' Offer
| date=1976-04-24
| url=http://snltranscripts.jt.org/75/75rbeatles.phtml
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref={{SfnRef|snltranscripts.jt.org|1976}}
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Sayle
| first=Murray
| year=2000
| title=The Importance of Yoko Ono
| date=2000-11-18
| publisher=The Japan Policy Research Institute
| url = http://www.jpri.org/publications/occasionalpapers/op18.html
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Schaffner
| first=Nicholas
| year=1977
| title=The Beatles Forever
| publisher=Cameron House
| location=Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Schechter
| first=Danny
| year=1997
| title=The More You Watch, the Less You Know: News Wars/Submerged Hopes/Media Adventures
| publisher=[[Seven Stories Press]]
| isbn=1-888363-80-0
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| author=Seaman, Frederic
| year=1991
| title=LastDaysofJohnLennon
| publisher=[[Birch Lane Press]]
| isbn=1-55972-084-0
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| work=[[Rolling Stone]]
| year=2007
| title=Sean Lennon's discography
| url=http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/seanlennon/discography
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref={{SfnRef|Rolling Stone|2007}}
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Shennan
| first=Paddy
| year=2007
| title=What will Liz think of these?
| date=2007-11-26
| work=The Liverpool Echo
| url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/liverpool-life/liverpool-lifestyle/2007/11/26/what-will-liz-think-of-these-100252-20163545/
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
|last = Sinclair
|first = John
|year = 2003
|title = John Sinclair's Bio
|date = 2003-05-12
|publisher = John Sinclair
|url = http://www.johnsinclair.us/10for2/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=875&Itemid=74
|accessdate = 2007-12-20
|ref = harv
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071027090218/http://www.johnsinclair.us/10for2/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=875&Itemid=74
|archivedate = 2007-10-27
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Spitz
| first=Bob
| year=2005
| authorlink=Bob Spitz
| title=The Beatles: The Biography
| publisher=Little, Brown
| location=Boston
| isbn=0-316-80352-9
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Spizer
| first=Bruce
| year=2003
| title=The Beatles Are Coming!: The Birth of Beatlemania in America
| publisher=Four Ninety-Eight Productions
| isbn=978-0-9662649-8-2
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
|publisher = Bikwil
|year = 2008
|title = Stanley Unwin
|url = http://www.bikwil.com/Vintage35/Stanley-Unwin.html
|accessdate = 2008-03-08
|ref = {{SfnRef|Bikwil|2008}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080414055551/http://www.bikwil.com/Vintage35/Stanley-Unwin.html
|archivedate = 2008-04-14
}}
* {{cite web
| work=FreeFoto
| year=2009
| title=A statue of Beatle John Lennon
| url = http://www.freefoto.com/preview/806-26-8622
| accessdate=2009-12-07
| ref={{SfnRef|FreeFoto|2009}}
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Tannenbaum
| first=Allan
| year=2007
| title=John and Yoko: A New York Love Story
| publisher=Insight Editions
| isbn=978-1933784229
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
|publisher = theusversusjohnlennon.com
|year = 2007
|title = The US Versus John Lennon
|url = http://www.theusversusjohnlennon.com
|accessdate = 2007-12-20
|ref = {{SfnRef|theusversusjohnlennon.com|2007}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071218231123/http://www.theusversusjohnlennon.com/
|archivedate = 2007-12-18
}}
* {{cite news
| work=BBC News
| year=2006c
| title=US chat show veteran Douglas dies
| date=2006-08-12
| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4786289.stm
| ref={{SfnRef|BBC News|2006c}}
}}
* {{cite web
| publisher=[[Rykodisc]]
| year=2008
| title=Unfinished Music, No. 1: Two Virgins
| url=http://www.amazon.com/Unfinished-Music-No-Two-Virgins/dp/B0000009RE
| accessdate=2008-02-28
| ref={{SfnRef|Rykodisc|2008}}
}}
* {{cite web
| work=World Socialist Web Site
| year=2007
| title=Was there a high-level MI5 agent in the British Workers Revolutionary Party?
| publisher=International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI)
| url = http://www.wsws.org/articles/2000/mar2000/lenn-m02.shtml
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref={{SfnRef|World Socialist Web Site|2007}}
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Wenner
| first=Jann S
| year=2000
| authorlink=Jann Wenner
| title=Lennon Remembers
| publisher=Verso
| location=London
| isbn=1-85984-600-9
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite book
| last=Wiener
| first=Jon
| year=1999
| authorlink=Jon Wiener
| title=Gimme Some Truth: The John Lennon FBI Files
| publisher=[[University of California Press]]
| isbn=0-520-22246-6
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Wiener
| first=Jon
| year=2006
| title=The US vs. John Lennon
| date=2006-09-12
| work=The Nation
| url = http://www.thenation.com/blogs/notion?pid=120879
| accessdate=2007-12-17
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
|publisher = courttv.com
|year = 2007
|title = The Will of John Lennon
|url = http://www.courttv.com/people/wills/lennon.html
|accessdate = 2007-12-21
|ref = {{SfnRef|courttv.com|2007}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071211050624/http://www.courttv.com/people/wills/lennon.html
|archivedate = 2007-12-11
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Williams
| first=Precious
| year=2002
| title=Eternal Flame
| date=2002-05-19
| publisher=scotsman.com
| url = http://news.scotsman.com/ViewArticle.aspx?articleid=2328156
| accessdate=2007-12-20
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
|publisher = lennonrevealed.com
|year = 2007
|title = You say you want a revelation?
|url = http://www.lennonrevealed.com
|accessdate = 2007-12-20
|ref = {{SfnRef|lennonrevealed.com|2007}}
|deadurl = yes
|archiveurl = https://archive.is/20121208223932/http://www.lennonrevealed.com/
|archivedate = 2012-12-08
}}
* {{cite web
| last=Zeller
| first=Tom Jr.
| year=2006
| title=Has Stephen Colbert Been Hiding John Lennon’s F.B.I. Legacy?
| date=2006-12-20
| work=The New York Times
| url = http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2006/12/20/has-stephen-colbert-been-hiding-john-lennons-fbi-legacy/
| ref=harv
}}
* {{cite web
| title = http://freepages.family.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~shunkofamily/dc/DCP_2110-pp.jpg
| url = http://freepages.family.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~shunkofamily/dc/DCP_2110-pp.jpg
| ref ={{SfnRef|rootsweb.ancestry.com}}
}}
{{refend}}

== 延伸阅读 ==
{{refbegin}}
* [[Larry Kane|Kane, Larry]] (2007). ''[http://books.google.ca/books?id=TFEr_3tDLYQC&lpg=PP1&dq=Lennon%20Revealed&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true Lennon Revealed]''. Running Press. ISBN 978-0-7624-2966-0
* Pang, May; Edwards, Henry (1983). ''Loving John: The Untold Story''. Warner Books. ISBN 978-0-446-37916-8.
* [[Tim Riley (music critic)|Riley, Tim]] (2011). ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=Pf2YAAAAQBAJ Lennon: Man, Myth, Music]''. Hyperion. ISBN 978-1-4013-2452-0
* Wiener, Jon. [http://www.LennonFBIfiles.com/ The John Lennon FBI Files]
* Yorke, Richard (1969). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071210181240/http://crawdaddy.wolfgangsvault.com/Article.aspx?id=4372 "John Lennon: Ringo's Right, We Can't Tour Again"], ''New Musical Express'', 7 June 1969, reproduced by ''[[Crawdaddy!]]'', 2007.
{{refend}}

== 外部連結 ==
{{Wikiquote}}
{{Commons+cat|John Lennon}}
* {{allmusic|artist/john-lennon-mn0000232564}}
* {{IMDb name|id=0006168}}
* [http://vault.fbi.gov/john-winston-lennon 列侬在美国联邦调查局（FBI）的档案]

{{Portal bar|音樂|人物}}
{{约翰·列侬}}
{{摇滚名人堂1994届入选者}}
{{格莱美奖年度专辑}}
{{披头士乐队}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lennon, John}}
[[Category:英國搖滾歌手]]
[[Category:披頭四樂團|L]]
[[Category:约翰·列侬| ]]
[[Category:英国吉他手|L]]
[[Category:英國創作歌手]]
[[Category:节奏吉他手]]
[[Category:男中音]]
[[Category:在美國被謀殺身亡者|L]]
[[Category:在國外被謀殺身亡英國人|L]]
[[Category:利物浦人|L]]
[[Category:愛爾蘭裔英格蘭人]]
[[Category:MBE勳銜|L]]
[[Category:摇滚名人堂入选者|L]]
[[Category:葛萊美終身成就獎獲得者]]
[[Category:艾弗·诺韦洛奖获得者]]
[[Category:被谋杀的男演员]]
[[Category:英國反戰人士]]
[[Category:素食主義者|L]]
[[Category:英國女性主義者]]
[[Category:男性女性主義者]]
[[Category:移民美國的英格蘭人]]

Opt

1,172

次編輯