市藜檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
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中文學名:市藜 拉丁學名:Chenopodium urbicum L. 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 目:中央種子目 科:藜科 屬:藜屬 種:市藜 |
市藜（學名：Chenopodium urbicum L.），是雙子葉植物綱藜科藜屬植物，產於中國新疆北部。 [1]
市藜形態特徵
一年生草本，高20-100厘米，全株無粉，幼葉及花序軸有時稍有棉毛。
莖直立，較粗壯，有條棱及色條，分枝或不分枝。葉片三角形，長3-8厘米，寬度與長度相等或較小，稍肥厚，先端急尖或漸尖，基部近截形或寬楔形，兩面近同色，邊緣具不整齊鋸齒；葉柄長2-4厘米。
花兩性兼有雄蕊不發育的雌花，少數團集並形成以腋生為主的直立穗狀圓錐花序；花被裂片5，花葯矩圓形，花絲稍短於花被。
胞果雙凸鏡形，果皮黑褐色。種子橫生，直徑約1毫米，紅褐色至黑色，有光澤，表面具不清晰的點紋，邊緣鈍。
花期8-9月，果期10月 。
Herbs annual, 20-100 cm tall, not farinose (but young leaves and inflorescence rachis sometimes slightly tomentose). Stem erect, branched or unbranched, striate, ± stout, ribbed. Petiole 2-4 cm; leaf blade concolorous, triangular or rhombic-ovate, 3-8 cm (lower ones sometimes to 15 cm), narrower than or as wide as long, slightly succulent, base subtruncate or broadly cuneate, margin irregularly serrate, apex acute or acuminate. Glomerules few or many flowered, forming axillary or terminal, erect, spikelike panicles. Flowers bisexual and female. Perianth segments 3-5. Filaments slightly shorter than perianth; anthers oblong. Utricle lenticular; pericarp brown. Seed horizontal, oblique, or vertical, red-brown to black, sublustrous, 0.5-1 mm in diam., obscurely or obviously pitted, rim margin obtuse or acute. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct.
Gobi desert, wastelands, saline-alkaline places, field margins. Hebei, Heilongjiang, N Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, N Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, N Xinjiang [N Africa, C and SW Asia, Europe; introduced in North America and some other regions].
1 Leaf blade triangular, 3-8 cm; glomerules few flowered, forming axillary, spikelike panicles; perianth segments 5; seed horizontal, ca. 1 mm in diam., obscurely pitted, rim margin obtuse. 10a subsp. urbicum 市藜(原亞種) + Leaf blade rhombic-ovate, lower ones to 15 cm; glomerules many flowered, forming mainly terminal, spikelike panicles; perianth segments 3-5; seed horizontal, oblique, or vertical, 0.5-0.7 mm in diam., obviously pitted, rim margin acute.
市藜分布範圍
市藜主要價值
醫藥：【藏藥】加萘：全草治皮疹《中國藏藥》。
醫藥：全草：清熱，利濕，殺蟲。