棱果谷木檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
棱果谷木 |
中文學名:棱果谷木 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 目:桃金娘目 科:谷樹科 屬:谷木屬 種:棱果谷木 分布區域:海南省, |
棱果谷木(léng guǒ gǔ mù,學名 Memecylon octocostatum Merr. et Chun),為桃金娘目、谷木屬灌木,高1~3米,分枝多,樹皮灰褐色;小枝四棱形,棱上略具狹翅,以後漸鈍。 [1]
棱果谷木形態特徵
葉片堅紙質或近革質,橢圓形或廣橢圓形,頂端廣鈍急尖,具小尖頭,基部廣楔形,長1.5~3.5厘米,寬7~18毫米,全緣,兩面無毛,干時葉面黑褐綠色,略具光澤,中脈下凹,背面淺褐色,中脈隆起,側脈兩面微隆起;葉柄長1~2毫米。
聚傘花序,腋生,極短,長6~8毫米,花少,無毛,總梗長2~4毫米,苞片鑽形,長約1毫米;花梗長1~2毫米,無毛;花萼鍾狀杯形,四棱形,長2~2.8毫米,無毛,裂片三角形或卵狀三角形,長約0.8毫米;花瓣淡紫色,卵形,頂端漸尖,近基部具不規則的小齒,長約3毫米,寬約1.5毫米;雄蕊2.5~3毫米,藥室與膨大的圓錐形藥隔長約1.2毫米,脊上具1環狀體;花絲長約2.5毫米。
果扁球形,直徑約7毫米,有8條隆起且極明顯的縱肋,肋粗達1毫米,頂端冠以明顯的宿存萼檐。花期5~6月或11月,果期11月至翌年1月。
Memecylon octocostatum Merr. et Chun in Sunyatsenia 2:294. pl. 66. 193; H. L. Li in Journ. Arn. Arb. 25: 41. 1944; 海南植物志2: 39. 1965.
Shrubs 1-3 m tall, many-branched. Branches 4-sided, narrowly winged, later almost unwinged; bark canescent brown. Petiole 1-2 mm; leaf blade elliptic to broadly elliptic, 1.5-3.5 × 0.7-1.8 cm, stiffly papery to subleathery, both surfaces glabrous, abaxially pale brown, adaxially dark brownish green and glossy when dry, base broadly cuneate, margin entire, apex obtuse to acute. Inflorescences axillary, cymose, 6-8 mm, few-flowered, glabrous; peduncle 2-4 mm; bracts subulate, ca. 1 mm. Pedicel 1-2 mm, glabrous. Hypanthium cup-shaped, 2-2.8 mm, 4-sided, glabrous. Calyx lobes triangular to ovate-triangular, ca. 0.8 mm. Petals lavender, ovate, ca. 3 × 1.5 mm, margin basally irregularly denticulate, apex acuminate. Stamens 2.5-3 mm; filament ca. 2.5 mm; anthers ovate, small; connective conic, ca. 1.2 mm, inflated, with a small concave abaxial gland. Fruit a baccate drupe, subglobose, ca. 7 mm in diam., with 8 conspicuously raised ribs, apex with a ring. Fl. May-Jun or Nov, fr. Nov-Jan.
● Sparse to dense forests, hillsides, valleys, damp places. Guangdong, Hainan.
棱果谷木生長環境
生長于山谷、山坡疏、密林中蔭處。[2]