黑葉蒲桃檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
黑葉蒲桃 |
中文學名:黑葉蒲桃 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:桃金娘目 科:桃金娘科 屬:玫瑰木屬 種:黑葉蒲桃 |
黑葉蒲桃(學名:Syzygium thumra),是一種桃金娘科的喬木,分布於緬甸、馬來西亞以及中國大陸的雲南等地。 [1]
形態特徵
喬木,高8米;嫩枝圓形或稍壓扁,干後褐色。
葉片卵狀橢圓形,長10-15厘米,寬5-7厘米,先端鈍或略尖,基部寬而鈍,上面干後黑色,有光澤,下面黑褐色,側脈約25對,彼此相隔3-6毫米,在兩面均突起,以80度開角平緩走向邊緣,離邊緣2毫米處結合成邊脈,側脈之間有明顯網脈;葉柄長6-8毫米。
圓錐花序頂生,長9厘米,寬7厘米,總梗圓形,變黑色;花3朵簇生,花梗長2-3毫米;花蕾倒卵形,長5毫米,寬4毫米;萼管倒圓錐形,長3毫米,萼齒4,半圓形,長1毫米,寬2.5毫米;花瓣分離,闊卵形,長2.5毫米;雄蕊短;花柱與雄蕊同長。
果實球形,直徑1.2厘米,干後黑色。花期4月 。[2]
Syzygium thumra (Roxb.) Merr. et Perry in Journ. Arn. Arb. 19: 103. 1938——Eugenia thumra Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. 2, 2: 495. 1832; Duthie in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 481. 1879.
Eugenia thumra Roxburgh, Fl. Ind., ed. 1832, 2: 495. 1832.
Trees, 8-15 m tall, d.b.h. 25-30 cm. Branchlets brown when dry, terete or slightly compressed. Petiole 6-8 mm; leaf blade ovate-elliptic, 10-15 × 5-7 cm, leathery, abaxially blackish brown when dry, adaxially black and glossy when dry, secondary veins ca. 25 on each side of midvein, 3-6 mm apart, at an angle of ca. 80° from midvein, and raised on both surfaces, reticulate veins conspicuous between secondary veins, intramarginal veins ca. 2 mm from margin, base wide and obtuse, apex obtuse to slightly acute. Inflorescences terminal, paniculate cymes, ca. 9 × 7 cm; peduncle rounded, turning black. Flower buds obovoid, ca. 5 × 4 mm. Hypanthium obconic, ca. 3 mm. Calyx lobes 4, semiorbicular, ca. 1 × 2.5 mm. Petals distinct, broadly ovate, ca. 2.5 mm. Stamens 5-8 mm. Style as long as stamens. Fruit black when dry, globose, ca. 1.2 cm in diam. Fl. Apr, fr. Aug-Oct.
Broad-leaved evergreen forests, open slopes, valleys; 600-1000(-1200) m. S Yunnan [Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand].