檢視短柄乌蔹莓的原始碼


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| style="background: #008080" align= center|  '''<big>短柄乌蔹莓</big> '''

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|[[File:短柄乌蔹莓3.jpg|缩略图|居中|250px|[http://2019img.cvh.ac.cn/imgcvh/l/IBK/IBK00105987.jpg 原图链接] [http://2019.cvh.ac.cn/spm/IBK/IBK00105987 来自植物标本馆]]]

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中文名:短柄乌蔹莓

界:植物界

门:被子植物门

纲:木兰纲

目:[[鼠李目]]

科:[[葡萄科]]

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'''短柄乌蔹莓'''(duǎn bǐng wū liǎn méi，学名 '''Cayratia cardiospermoides''' (Planch.) Gagnep.，异名：Ampelopsis cardiospermoides  草质藤本。小枝圆柱形，有纵棱纹，嫩时疏生短柔毛，以后脱落无毛。花序为复二歧聚伞花序；花序疏生乳突状毛；花蕾近圆形；花瓣外面被乳突状毛。果实近球形，有种子2-3颗；种子倒卵圆形，顶端圆形或微凹，基部有短喙。主要分布在[[四川]]、[[云南]]。
<ref>[http://www.iplant.cn/info/%B6%CC%B1%FA%CE%DA%DD%FC%DD%AE 短柄乌蔹莓], 植物智, 2020-01-18</ref>

==短柄乌蔹莓形态特征==

卷须不分枝，相隔2节间断与叶对生。

叶为鸟足状3-5-7-9小叶，小叶不裂或3深裂，裂片或小叶条状披针形、倒卵长椭圆形或椭圆形，中央小叶长3-8厘米，宽0.5-4厘米，顶端渐尖、急尖或钝，基部楔形，侧生小叶长1-5厘米，宽0.5-3厘米，顶端钝或圆形，基部阔楔形，边缘每侧有4-9个圆锯齿，上面绿色，无毛，下面浅绿色，脉上被短柔毛，以后脱落几无毛；
[[File:短柄乌蔹莓1.jpg|缩略图|左|200px|[http://2019img.cvh.ac.cn/imgcvh/l/IBK/IBK00105989.jpg 原图链接] [http://2019.cvh.ac.cn/spm/IBK/IBK00105989 来自植物标本馆]]]

侧脉4-7对，网脉不明显，无毛；叶柄长0.3-1.5厘米，中央小叶柄长0.5-2厘米，侧生小叶总柄长0.3-0.6厘米，侧生小叶几无柄，嫩时被疏柔毛，以后脱落几无毛；

[[File:短柄乌蔹莓2.jpg|缩略图|左|200px|[http://2019img.cvh.ac.cn/imgcvh/l/IBK/IBK00105988.jpg 原图链接] [http://2019.cvh.ac.cn/spm/IBK/IBK00105988 来自植物标本馆]]]

托叶膜质，褐色，卵形，长1.5-2毫米，宽1-1.5毫米，顶端急尖，无毛。花序为复二歧聚伞花序，腋生；花序梗长1-3毫米，疏生乳突状毛；花蕾近圆形，高1.5-2毫米，顶端圆形；

萼浅碟形，边缘波状或小齿状浅裂，外面被乳突状毛；花瓣4，卵圆形，高1.3-1.8毫米，外面被乳突状毛；雄蕊4，花药卵圆形，长宽近相等；花盘发达，4浅裂；子房下部与花盘合生，花柱短，柱头不明显扩大。

果实近球形，直径0.8-1厘米，有种子2-3颗；种子倒卵圆形，顶端圆形或微凹，基部有短喙，种脐在种子背面中部呈椭圆形，两侧有突出的横肋，横肋钝，上部种脊突出，腹部中棱脊明显，两侧洼穴呈沟状，从基部向上微斜展，达种子顶端1/4。

花期7月，果期8-9月。<ref>《中国植物志》 第48(2)卷 (1998) >> 085页 PDF >> 短柄乌蔹莓 Cayratia cardiospermoides </ref>

==分类==

Cayratia cardiospermoides (Planch.) Gagnep. in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1: 348. 1911; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 683. 1933; W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17 (3): 92. 1979 in clavi; 云南种子植物名录上册792. 1984.——Ampelopsis cardiospermoides Planch. in DC. Monogr. Phan. 5: 459. 1887; Franch. Pl. Delav. 140. 1890.——Vitis cardiospermoides Franch. Pl. Delav. 140. 1890 in syn

==英文介绍==

Ampelopsis cardiospermoides Planchon ex Franchet, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 460. 1886.

Vines, herbaceous. Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges, sparsely pubescent when young, then glabrescent; tendrils unbranched. Leaves pedately 3-9-foliolate; stipules brownish, oval, 1.5-2 × 1-1.5 mm, membranous, glabrous, apex acute; petiole short, 0.3-1.5 cm; central petiolule 0.5-2 cm, petiolules of lateral leaflet complex 3-6 mm, lateral leaflets nearly sessile, sparsely pubescent when young, then glabrescent; leaflets undivided or deeply 3-parted, abaxially pubescent on veins, then glabrescent, lateral veins 4-7 pairs, veinlets inconspicuous; lobes or leaflets lanceolate, obovate-elliptic, or elliptic; central leaflet 3-8 × 0.5-4 cm, base cuneate, apex acuminate, acute, or obtuse; lateral leaflets 1-5 × 0.5-3 cm, base broadly cuneate, margin with 4-9 rounded teeth on each side, apex obtuse or rounded. Compound dichasium axillary; peduncle 1-3 cm, with sparse papillose hairs. Buds suborbicular, 1.5-2 mm, apex rounded. Calyx shallow and saucer-shaped, papillose, margin undulate or slightly dentate. Petals oval, 1.3-1.8 mm, with papillose hairs. Anthers oval, nearly as long as wide. Lower part of ovary adnate to disk. Berry globose, 8-10 mm in diam., 2- or 3-seeded. Seeds obovoid, base rostrate, apex rounded or retuse, chalazal knot elliptic at middle on back, upper raphe raised, transverse and obtuse ribs raised, ventral mid-raphe raised, ventral holes groovelike, from base upward to 1/4. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug-Sep.

● Shrublands, grassy areas of hillsides, meadows; 1600-2100 m. Sichuan, Yunnan.

==短柄乌蔹莓生长环境==
主要生长在海拔1600-2100米的山坡灌丛、草地。
==短柄乌蔹莓分布范围==
主要分布在[[四川]]、[[云南]]。模式标本采自云南[[宾川]]大坪子。 <ref>[http://dict.cn/%E7%9F%AD%E6%9F%84%E4%B9%8C%E8%94%B9%E8%8E%93 短柄乌蔹莓翻译_短柄乌蔹莓英语怎么说_海词词典] 海词词典,最权威的学习词典,专业出版短柄乌蔹莓的英文,短柄乌蔹莓翻译,短柄乌蔹莓英语怎么说等详细讲解。海词词典:学习变容易,记忆很深刻。 </ref>

== 参考来源 ==
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[[Category:370 植物學總論]]