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短柄烏蘞莓檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史

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短柄烏蘞莓

中文名:短柄烏蘞莓

界:植物界

門:被子植物門

綱:木蘭綱

目:鼠李目

科:葡萄科

短柄烏蘞莓(duǎn bǐng wū liǎn méi,學名 Cayratia cardiospermoides (Planch.) Gagnep.,異名:Ampelopsis cardiospermoides 草質藤本。小枝圓柱形,有縱棱紋,嫩時疏生短柔毛,以後脫落無毛。花序為復二歧聚傘花序;花序疏生乳突狀毛;花蕾近圓形;花瓣外面被乳突狀毛。果實近球形,有種子2-3顆;種子倒卵圓形,頂端圓形或微凹,基部有短喙。主要分布在四川雲南[1]

短柄烏蘞莓形態特徵

卷鬚不分枝,相隔2節間斷與葉對生。

葉為鳥足狀3-5-7-9小葉,小葉不裂或3深裂,裂片或小葉條狀披針形、倒卵長橢圓形或橢圓形,中央小葉長3-8厘米,寬0.5-4厘米,頂端漸尖、急尖或鈍,基部楔形,側生小葉長1-5厘米,寬0.5-3厘米,頂端鈍或圓形,基部闊楔形,邊緣每側有4-9個圓鋸齒,上面綠色,無毛,下面淺綠色,脈上被短柔毛,以後脫落幾無毛;

側脈4-7對,網脈不明顯,無毛;葉柄長0.3-1.5厘米,中央小葉柄長0.5-2厘米,側生小葉總柄長0.3-0.6厘米,側生小葉幾無柄,嫩時被疏柔毛,以後脫落幾無毛;

托葉膜質,褐色,卵形,長1.5-2毫米,寬1-1.5毫米,頂端急尖,無毛。花序為復二歧聚傘花序,腋生;花序梗長1-3毫米,疏生乳突狀毛;花蕾近圓形,高1.5-2毫米,頂端圓形;

萼淺碟形,邊緣波狀或小齒狀淺裂,外面被乳突狀毛;花瓣4,卵圓形,高1.3-1.8毫米,外面被乳突狀毛;雄蕊4,花葯卵圓形,長寬近相等;花盤發達,4淺裂;子房下部與花盤合生,花柱短,柱頭不明顯擴大。

果實近球形,直徑0.8-1厘米,有種子2-3顆;種子倒卵圓形,頂端圓形或微凹,基部有短喙,種臍在種子背面中部呈橢圓形,兩側有突出的橫肋,橫肋鈍,上部種脊突出,腹部中棱脊明顯,兩側窪穴呈溝狀,從基部向上微斜展,達種子頂端1/4。

花期7月,果期8-9月。[2]

分類

Cayratia cardiospermoides (Planch.) Gagnep. in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1: 348. 1911; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 683. 1933; W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17 (3): 92. 1979 in clavi; 雲南種子植物名錄上冊792. 1984.——Ampelopsis cardiospermoides Planch. in DC. Monogr. Phan. 5: 459. 1887; Franch. Pl. Delav. 140. 1890.——Vitis cardiospermoides Franch. Pl. Delav. 140. 1890 in syn

英文介紹

Ampelopsis cardiospermoides Planchon ex Franchet, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 460. 1886.

Vines, herbaceous. Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges, sparsely pubescent when young, then glabrescent; tendrils unbranched. Leaves pedately 3-9-foliolate; stipules brownish, oval, 1.5-2 × 1-1.5 mm, membranous, glabrous, apex acute; petiole short, 0.3-1.5 cm; central petiolule 0.5-2 cm, petiolules of lateral leaflet complex 3-6 mm, lateral leaflets nearly sessile, sparsely pubescent when young, then glabrescent; leaflets undivided or deeply 3-parted, abaxially pubescent on veins, then glabrescent, lateral veins 4-7 pairs, veinlets inconspicuous; lobes or leaflets lanceolate, obovate-elliptic, or elliptic; central leaflet 3-8 × 0.5-4 cm, base cuneate, apex acuminate, acute, or obtuse; lateral leaflets 1-5 × 0.5-3 cm, base broadly cuneate, margin with 4-9 rounded teeth on each side, apex obtuse or rounded. Compound dichasium axillary; peduncle 1-3 cm, with sparse papillose hairs. Buds suborbicular, 1.5-2 mm, apex rounded. Calyx shallow and saucer-shaped, papillose, margin undulate or slightly dentate. Petals oval, 1.3-1.8 mm, with papillose hairs. Anthers oval, nearly as long as wide. Lower part of ovary adnate to disk. Berry globose, 8-10 mm in diam., 2- or 3-seeded. Seeds obovoid, base rostrate, apex rounded or retuse, chalazal knot elliptic at middle on back, upper raphe raised, transverse and obtuse ribs raised, ventral mid-raphe raised, ventral holes groovelike, from base upward to 1/4. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug-Sep.

● Shrublands, grassy areas of hillsides, meadows; 1600-2100 m. Sichuan, Yunnan.

短柄烏蘞莓生長環境

主要生長在海拔1600-2100米的山坡灌叢、草地。

短柄烏蘞莓分布範圍

主要分布在四川雲南。模式標本采自雲南賓川大坪子。 [3]

參考來源

  1. 短柄烏蘞莓, 植物智, 2020-01-18
  2. 《中國植物志》 第48(2)卷 (1998) >> 085頁 PDF >> 短柄烏蘞莓 Cayratia cardiospermoides
  3. 短柄烏蘞莓翻譯_短柄烏蘞莓英語怎麼說_海詞詞典 海詞詞典,最權威的學習詞典,專業出版短柄烏蘞莓的英文,短柄烏蘞莓翻譯,短柄烏蘞莓英語怎麼說等詳細講解。海詞詞典:學習變容易,記憶很深刻。