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南火绳 |
中文学名:南火绳 拉丁学名:Eriolaena candollei Wall. 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:锦葵目 科:梧桐科 属:火绳树属 种:南火绳 |
南火绳(拉丁学名:Eriolaena candollei Wall.),为梧桐科、火绳树属乔木,高可达12米,树皮灰色,叶厚纸质,圆形或卵圆形,聚伞花序顶生或腋生,多花;萼片长条状披针形,花瓣黄色,长圆形,蒴果卵圆形,种子多数。分布云南和广西;印度,缅甸,越南等地。 [1]
南火绳形态特征
乔木, 高达6-12米,树皮灰色,嫩枝被星状短柔毛。
叶厚纸质,圆形或卵圆形,长6-l0厘米,宽5.5-11厘米,顶端短尖或短渐尖,并常有不明显的3-5浅裂,基部心形或浅-心形,上面被较稀疏的星状短柔毛,下面密被灰白色星状茸毛,边缘有钝锯齿,基生脉5-7条;叶柄长1.5-3厘米。
聚伞花序顶生或腋生,长达7厘米,具多数花;小苞片羽状深裂,条形,长1-1.5厘米;萼片5枚,条状披针形,比小苞片略长,外面密被淡黄褐色短茸毛;花瓣5片,黄色,矩圆形,顶端凹陷,基部收缩成厚的瓣柄,瓣柄的基部被长绒毛;子房卵圆形,花柱无毛,柱头8-10个,旋卷。
蒴果卵圆形,长5厘米,宽2.5厘米,顶端尖锐气并具喙,果瓣10个,顶端短尖,背部有或无龙骨状突起,内面的边缘有绢毛;种子多数,具翅。花期3-4月。
Eriolaena candollei Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 1: 51. 1829; Mast. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 370. 1874; Gagnep. in Lecte. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 506-507. 1911; Craib Fl. Siam. Enum. 1: 177. 1925; Tardieu-Blot in Humbert Suppl. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 436. 1945.
Trees, 6-12 m tall; bark gray. Branchlets stellate puberulent. Petiole 1.5-3 cm; leaf blade orbicular or ovate-orbicular, usually slightly 3-5-lobed, 6-10 × 5.5-11 cm, thickly papery, abaxially densely gray-white stellate tomentose, adaxially sparsely stellate hairy, basal veins 5-7, base cordate or shallowly cordate, margin obtusely dentate, apex shortly pointed or shortly acuminate. Inflorescence cymose, terminal or axillary, up to 7 cm, many-flowered. Epicalyx lobes pinnately partite, linear, 1-1.5 cm. Sepals 5, linear-lanceolate, slightly longer than epicalyx lobes, densely yellowish brown tomentulose. Petals 5, yellow, oblong, apex emarginate, base narrowed into thick claw, base of claw villous. Ovary ovoid-globose; style glabrous; stigmas 8-10, twisted. Capsule ovoid-globose, ca. 5 × 2.5 cm, apex pointed and beaked, valves 5 or 6(-10), apex shortly pointed, abaxial surface keeled or not, adaxial margin sericeous. Seeds many, winged. Fl. Mar-Apr.
南火绳生长环境
生于海拔800~1360米的缓坡地,疏林中或在草坡上散生。
南火绳分布范围
南火绳主要价值
本种为良好的紫胶虫寄主。