棉毛黃耆
棉毛黃耆 |
中文學名:棉毛黃耆 拉丁學名:Astragalus lanuginosus Kar. & Kir. 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:薔薇目 亞 目:薔薇亞目 科:豆科 亞 科:蝶形花亞科 族:山羊豆族黃耆亞族 屬:黃耆屬 亞 屬:華黃耆亞屬 種:棉毛黃耆 組:毛被組 命名者及年代:Kar. & Kir, 1841 |
棉毛黃耆(mián máo huáng qí,學名:Astragalus lanuginosus)是豆科黃芪屬的植物。分布在中國大陸的新疆等地,生長於海拔1,400米至1,800米的地區,多生在山前凹地、低山坡或荒漠石隙中,目前尚未由人工引種栽培。 [1]
目錄
棉毛黃耆形態特徵
多年生草本植物,高10-30厘米,被開展的白色綿毛。莖基部分枝,直立或上升,有時近無莖。
奇數羽狀複葉,具27-51片小葉,長5-15厘米;葉柄短,連同葉軸被白色綿毛;托葉披針形,長7-10毫米,先端尾狀漸尖,基部與葉柄合生,下面被白色綿毛;小葉卵圓形或長圓狀卵形,長4-10毫米,寬2-5毫米,上面疏生長綿毛或近無毛,下面毛較密,具短柄。
總狀花序生2-5花,稍稀疏;總花梗較葉短,長0.5-1.5厘米;苞片披針形,白色,膜質,長5-7毫米,下面被白綿毛;花梗長5-6毫米,連同花序軸被白色綿毛;花萼管狀,長15-23毫米,被開展的白色綿毛,萼齒三角狀錐形,長5-8毫米;
花冠黃色,旗瓣長20-29毫米,瓣片長圓狀倒卵形,外面被白色短柔毛,先端鈍圓或微凹,下部1/3處稍肥大呈角棱狀,基部漸狹成瓣柄,翼瓣長18-27毫米,瓣片長圓形,上部外面被柔毛,先端鈍或微凹,基部具短耳,瓣柄纖細,與瓣片近等長,龍骨瓣長14-22毫米,瓣片半卵形,頂部外面被柔毛,瓣柄長8-13毫米;子房線形,密被白色長柔毛,具長約6毫米的柄。
莢果長圓形,長14-20毫米,先端具長2-3毫米的喙,密被白色柔毛,近假2室,果瓣革質。花期4-5月,果期6-7月。 [2]
Astragalus lanuginosus Kar. et Kir. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou 14: 409. 1841; Bunge in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. VII. 15 (1): 41. 1869; Gontsch. in Kom. Fl. USSR 12: 127. 1946; Golosk. in Pavl. Φπ. Казахст. 5: 128. t. 16 (5): 1961; 中國沙漠植物志2: 255. 圖版91 (13-19). 1987.
Astragalus anrachaicus Goloskokov; A. xinjiangnensis Y. C. Ho.
Plants 15-30 cm tall, caulescent, covered with mostly spreading hairs up to 3 mm. Stems ascending to erect, densely hairy. Leaves 10-15 cm; stipules 7-15 mm, densely hairy, ad-nate to petiole for 2-3 mm; petiole and rachis loosely to rather densely hairy; leaflets in 20-26 pairs, ovate to obovate, 5-12 × 4-8 mm, abaxially rather densely subappressed hairy, adaxially loosely cottonlike hairy, often glabrescent with age, apex obtuse to retuse. Racemes 2-6-flowered; peduncles several, often along whole stem, 0.5-2 cm; bracts 5-10 mm, hairy. Calyx 15-23(-27) mm, hairy; tube 10-16 mm; teeth subulate, 5-8 mm. Petals pale yellow, hairy; standard obovate-pandurate, 20-29 mm, slightly constricted in lower part, apex slightly emarginate; wings 18-26 mm; keel 14-22 mm, limbs narrowly elliptic, 8-10 mm. Legumes pendulous, with a stipe 2-7 mm, 14-20 mm, 5-6 mm high and 4-5 mm wide, with a beak 2-4 mm, 2-locu-lar; valves densely appressed to spreading hairy.
Artemisia steppes, semideserts, riverbanks, as a weed in crops, from plains to the mountain zone. Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan].
棉毛黃耆生長環境
生長於低山坡或山前凹地及荒漠石隙中。 [3]