牯嶺藜蘆
牯嶺藜蘆 |
中文名:牯嶺藜蘆 別 名:天目藜蘆,閩浙藜蘆 拉丁學名:Veratrum schindleri (Baker) Loes. f. 二名法:Veratrum schindleri 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:單子葉植物綱 目:百合目 亞 目:百合亞目 科:百合科 族:藜蘆族 屬:藜蘆屬 和福建 |
牯嶺藜蘆(gǔ lǐng lí hú lu,學名 Veratrum schindleri (Baker) Loes. F.,俗名:黑紫藜蘆,別 名:天目藜蘆,閩浙藜蘆,異名:Veratrum japonicum Veratrum atroviolaceum Veratrum warburgii),是單子葉植物綱、百合目、百合科、藜蘆屬多年生草本。根莖可入藥,但有毒,涌吐風痰,殺蟲。生長於海拔700-1350米的山坡林下陰濕處。產於江西、江蘇、浙江、安徽、湖南、湖北、廣東、廣西和福建。 [1]
目錄
牯嶺藜蘆形態特徵
牯嶺藜蘆 植株高約1米,基部具棕褐色帶網眼的纖維網。葉在莖下部的寬橢圓形,有時狹矩圓形,長約30厘米,寬(2-)5 -10(-13)厘米,兩面無毛,先端漸尖,基部收狹為柄,葉柄通常長5-10厘米。
圓錐花序長而擴展,具多數近等長的側生總狀花序;總軸和枝軸生灰白色綿狀毛;花被片伸展或反折,淡黃綠色、綠白色或褐色,近橢圓形或倒卵狀橢圓形,長6-8毫米,寬2-3毫米;
先端鈍,基部無柄,全緣,外花被片背面至少在基部被毛;小苞片短於或近等長於花梗,背面生綿狀毛,在側生花序上的花梗長約6-8(-14)毫米;雄蕊長為花被片的2/3;
子房卵狀矩圓形。蒴果直立,長1-5-2厘米,寬約1厘米。花果期6-10月。 [2]
分類文獻
Veratrum schindleri Loes. f. in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brand. 68: 139. 1926; et in Rep. Sp. Nov. Fedde 24: 67. 1927.——V. canaleriei Loes. f. in Rep. Sp. Nov. Fedde 25: 4. 1928, pro parte.——V. maximowiczii auct. non Baker: C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 147. 1903, pro parte.
Veratrum atroviolaceum Loesener; V. warburgii Loesener.
Plants to 1 m tall, basally with brown, reticulate fibers formed from disintegrated sheaths. Leaves basally narrowed to a rather long or basally clasping petiole; leaf blade broadly elliptic to lorate, (15--)20--30(--60) × (0.5--)2--10(--13) cm, glabrous, base cuneate, apex acute to acuminate.
Panicle variable in length, laxly many flowered; branches spreading; rachis gray-white woolly; bracts 5--7 mm, abaxially woolly. Pedicel 6--8(--14) mm. Tepals yellowish green, greenish white, brownish, deep purple-violet, or black-purple, subelliptic, oblong, oblong-lanceolate, or obovate-elliptic, 5--8 × 2--3 mm, base not clawed, apex obtuse or subacute; outer tepals pubescent at least at abaxial base. Stamens 2--5 mm. Ovary glabrous. Capsule erect, 1--2 × ca. 1 cm. Fl. and fr. Jun--Oct. 2 n = 16*.
- Shaded and moist places on forested slopes; 700--1400 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.
Chinese records of Veratrum japonicum (Baker) Loesener (e.g., in FRPS) are referable to V. schindleri.
牯嶺藜蘆生長環境
生長於海拔700-1350米的山坡林下陰濕處。 [3]