亮毛堇菜檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
亮毛堇菜 |
中文學名:亮毛堇菜 拉丁學名:Viola lucens W.Beck. 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:側膜胎座目 亞 目:山茶亞目 科:堇菜科 屬:堇菜屬 亞 屬:堇菜亞屬 組:匍匐堇菜組 |
亮毛堇菜(liàng máo jǐn cài,學名:Viola lucens)為堇菜科堇菜屬的植物,是我國的特有植物。產於江西、福建(建寧)、廣東(南崑山)、四川、貴州。生于山坡草叢或路旁等處。 [1]
亮毛堇菜形態特徵
亮毛堇菜,低矮小草本,高5-7厘米,全體被白色長柔毛,無地上莖,具匍匐枝。根狀莖垂直,密生結節,粗約2毫米,生多條細根。匍匐枝細,頂端常形成新植株。
葉基生,蓮座狀;葉長圓狀卵形或長圓形,長1-2 (3) 厘米,寬0.5-1.3厘米,先端鈍,基部心形或圓,邊緣具圓齒,兩面密生白色狀長柔毛;葉柄細弱,長短不等,長0.2-2.5厘米,密被長柔毛;托葉褐色,披針形,邊緣具流蘇狀齒。
花淡紫色;花梗細弱,遠高出於葉叢,長3-4厘米,疏生細毛,在中部以上有2枚對生的線形小苞片;萼片狹披針形,長2.5-3毫米,寬約1毫米,狹膜質緣,基部附屬物短,長僅0.5毫米;
上方及側方花瓣倒卵形,長1.0-1.1厘米,下方花瓣船狀,連距長9毫米,距長1-1.5毫米;子房球形,無毛,花柱棍棒狀,基部膝曲,頂部增粗,柱頭兩側有狹緣邊,先端具短喙。蒴果卵圓形,長0.5厘米,無毛。 [2]
Viola lucens W. Beck. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 6: 250. 1928.
Herbs perennial, small, 5-7 cm tall, white villous throughout, acaulescent, stoloniferous. Rhizome erect, ca. 2 mm in diam., densely noded, with numerous rootlets. Stolon slender, often producing new plant at top. Leaves basal, rosulate; stipules brown, lanceolate, margin fimbriate-dentate; petioles unequal in length, 0.2-2.5 cm, slender, densely villous; leaf blade oblong-ovate or oblong, 1-2(-3) × 0.5-1.3 cm, both surfaces densely white villous, base cordate or rounded, margin crenate, apex obtuse. Flowers light bluish violet; pedicels much exceeding leaves, 3-4 cm, slender, sparsely puberulous, 2-bracteolate above middle-bracteolate at middle; bracteoles opposite, linear. Sepals narrowly lanceolate, 2.5-3 × ca. 1 mm, margin narrowly membranous, basal auricles short, only ca. 0.5 mm. Upper and lateral petals obovate, 1-1.1 cm, lateral ones glabrous, anterior one boat-shaped, ca. 9 mm (spur included), apex acute; spur ca. 1.5 mm. Ovary globose, glabrous; styles clavate, base geniculate, thickened at apex; stigmas narrowly margined on lateral sides, apex shortly beaked. Capsule ovoid-orbicular, ca. 0.5 cm, glabrous. Fl. Feb-Apr and Aug-Sep.
亮毛堇菜生長環境
生長于山坡草叢或路旁等處。