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| 线叶葶苈 |
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中文学名:线叶葶苈 拉丁学名:Draba linearifolia L. L. Lou et T. Y. Cheo 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 目:卫矛目 科:十字花科 属:葶苈属 种:线叶葶苈 中国特有:是 引种栽培:非人工引种栽培 |
线叶葶苈(xǐ shān tíng lì，学名 Draba oreades Schrenk俗名：高山葶苈、沼泽葶苈、矮喜山葶苈、毛果喜山葶苈)，十字花科葶苈属 植物，多年生草本。我国特有物种，分布于海拔3600-4000米的西藏地区。 [1]
线叶葶苈形态特征
多年生草本。根茎分枝多，略延伸，形成垫状草丛，分枝茎下面宿存枯叶，成纤维状鳞片，当年生的叶密生成柱状。
花茎从枝条旁抽出，向上，结实时高7-10厘米，通常有2-3叶，罕见1叶，被单毛，星状毛、分枝毛。
叶线状披针形，长6-10毫米，宽1-1.5毫米，全缘，顶端渐尖，中脉粗，被有硬单毛、星状分枝毛及单缘毛，毛较长而硬；茎生叶窄，全缘，被单毛、分枝毛及星状毛、硬而直。
总状花序有花8-12朵，结实时伸长；小花梗有毛；萼片长椭圆形，边缘淡黄色，被单毛、分枝毛；花瓣黄色，干后近于白色，长倒卵形，长3.5-5毫米。
短角果线状披针形，长7-10毫米，宽1-1.3毫米，常略弯曲，无毛，或边缘略有毛；花柱细，长0.5-1毫米；果梗与角果等长，与花序轴成近于直角开展。花果期6-7月。 [2]
Draba oreades Schrenk in Fischer et Meyer, Enum. pl. nov. 2: 56. 1842; O. E. Schulz in Engl. Pflanzenr. 70 (4. 105): 106. 1927; A. Tolmaschev in Kom. Fl. URSS 8: 393. 1939; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 51. 图1832. 1972. ——D. algida Adams var. brachycarpa Bunge verz Pfl. Ostl. Altai. 68. 1836. ——D. alpina Hook. f. et Thoms. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 5: 150. 1861. auct. non L.
Herbs perennial, (0.5-)1.5-14(-20) cm tall, cespitose, scapose. Caudex simple to many branched, ultimate branches terminated in rosettes and covered with petiolar remains of previous years. Stems erect, simple, often densely pubescent with a mixture of simple and subsessile forked trichomes, sometimes subhirsute with almost exclusively simple trichomes, rarely glabrous. Basal leaves rosulate, persistent; petiole absent or short, rarely to 2 cm, persistent, often ciliate with simple and/or long-stalked forked trichomes; leaf blade suborbicular, obovate, spatulate, oblanceolate, or lanceolate, (0.3-)0.5-2(-3) cm × (1-)2-6(-8) mm, sparsely or densely pubescent with simple trichomes, these often mixed abaxially with stalked forked and subsessile, 3- or 4-rayed stellate ones with unbranched rays, adaxially with predominantly simple trichomes, rarely glabrous except for margins, base cuneate to attenuate, margin entire or rarely 1- or 2-toothed on each side, apex obtuse to acute. Cauline leaves absent, sometimes 1, very rarely 2, sessile, similar to basal. Racemes (2-)4-15(-25)-flowered, ebracteate, subumbellate and not elongated or rarely subracemose and slightly elongated in fruit. Fruiting pedicels 1-7(-10) mm, divaricate or divaricate-ascending, straight or rarely slightly curved, tomentose or pilose abaxially, glabrous adaxially or rarely throughout. Sepals oblong or ovate, 1.5-2.5(-3) × 0.8-1.5(-1.8) mm, erect, caducous or rarely persistent, abaxially sparsely pilose or glabrous, base of lateral pair not saccate, margin narrowly membranous. Petals yellow, obovate to narrowly spatulate, 2.5-5(-6) × (0.9-)1.5-2.5(-3) mm, apex emarginate or rounded; claw absent, rarely 1(-2) mm. Filaments 1.5-2.5(-3) mm; anthers ovate, 0.2-0.4(-0.6) mm. Ovules (4-)6-12 per ovary. Fruit ovate to suborbicular, rarely ovate-lanceolate, (3-)4-9(-12) × 1.5-4.5(-6) mm, latiseptate and basally inflated, not twisted; valves glabrous or rarely puberulent with simple or forked trichomes, not veined, base obtuse, apex acute to subacuminate; style (0.1-)0.3-0.8(-1) mm. Seeds black to dark brown, ovate, (0.7-)1-1.5 × 0.5-0.9(-1) mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Aug. 2n = 40*.
线叶葶苈生长环境
生长在海拔3600-4000米的阴坡。