喜山葶藶檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
| 線葉葶藶 |
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中文學名:線葉葶藶 拉丁學名:Draba linearifolia L. L. Lou et T. Y. Cheo 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 目:衛矛目 科:十字花科 屬:葶藶屬 種:線葉葶藶 中國特有:是 引種栽培:非人工引種栽培 |
線葉葶藶(xǐ shān tíng lì，學名 Draba oreades Schrenk俗名：高山葶藶、沼澤葶藶、矮喜山葶藶、毛果喜山葶藶)，十字花科葶藶屬 植物，多年生草本。我國特有物種，分布於海拔3600-4000米的西藏地區。 [1]
線葉葶藶形態特徵
多年生草本。根莖分枝多，略延伸，形成墊狀草叢，分枝莖下面宿存枯葉，成纖維狀鱗片，當年生的葉密生成柱狀。
花莖從枝條旁抽出，向上，結實時高7-10厘米，通常有2-3葉，罕見1葉，被單毛，星狀毛、分枝毛。
葉線狀披針形，長6-10毫米，寬1-1.5毫米，全緣，頂端漸尖，中脈粗，被有硬單毛、星狀分枝毛及單緣毛，毛較長而硬；莖生葉窄，全緣，被單毛、分枝毛及星狀毛、硬而直。
總狀花序有花8-12朵，結實時伸長；小花梗有毛；萼片長橢圓形，邊緣淡黃色，被單毛、分枝毛；花瓣黃色，干後近於白色，長倒卵形，長3.5-5毫米。
短角果線狀披針形，長7-10毫米，寬1-1.3毫米，常略彎曲，無毛，或邊緣略有毛；花柱細，長0.5-1毫米；果梗與角果等長，與花序軸成近於直角開展。花果期6-7月。 [2]
Draba oreades Schrenk in Fischer et Meyer, Enum. pl. nov. 2: 56. 1842; O. E. Schulz in Engl. Pflanzenr. 70 (4. 105): 106. 1927; A. Tolmaschev in Kom. Fl. URSS 8: 393. 1939; 中國高等植物圖鑑2: 51. 圖1832. 1972. ——D. algida Adams var. brachycarpa Bunge verz Pfl. Ostl. Altai. 68. 1836. ——D. alpina Hook. f. et Thoms. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 5: 150. 1861. auct. non L.
Herbs perennial, (0.5-)1.5-14(-20) cm tall, cespitose, scapose. Caudex simple to many branched, ultimate branches terminated in rosettes and covered with petiolar remains of previous years. Stems erect, simple, often densely pubescent with a mixture of simple and subsessile forked trichomes, sometimes subhirsute with almost exclusively simple trichomes, rarely glabrous. Basal leaves rosulate, persistent; petiole absent or short, rarely to 2 cm, persistent, often ciliate with simple and/or long-stalked forked trichomes; leaf blade suborbicular, obovate, spatulate, oblanceolate, or lanceolate, (0.3-)0.5-2(-3) cm × (1-)2-6(-8) mm, sparsely or densely pubescent with simple trichomes, these often mixed abaxially with stalked forked and subsessile, 3- or 4-rayed stellate ones with unbranched rays, adaxially with predominantly simple trichomes, rarely glabrous except for margins, base cuneate to attenuate, margin entire or rarely 1- or 2-toothed on each side, apex obtuse to acute. Cauline leaves absent, sometimes 1, very rarely 2, sessile, similar to basal. Racemes (2-)4-15(-25)-flowered, ebracteate, subumbellate and not elongated or rarely subracemose and slightly elongated in fruit. Fruiting pedicels 1-7(-10) mm, divaricate or divaricate-ascending, straight or rarely slightly curved, tomentose or pilose abaxially, glabrous adaxially or rarely throughout. Sepals oblong or ovate, 1.5-2.5(-3) × 0.8-1.5(-1.8) mm, erect, caducous or rarely persistent, abaxially sparsely pilose or glabrous, base of lateral pair not saccate, margin narrowly membranous. Petals yellow, obovate to narrowly spatulate, 2.5-5(-6) × (0.9-)1.5-2.5(-3) mm, apex emarginate or rounded; claw absent, rarely 1(-2) mm. Filaments 1.5-2.5(-3) mm; anthers ovate, 0.2-0.4(-0.6) mm. Ovules (4-)6-12 per ovary. Fruit ovate to suborbicular, rarely ovate-lanceolate, (3-)4-9(-12) × 1.5-4.5(-6) mm, latiseptate and basally inflated, not twisted; valves glabrous or rarely puberulent with simple or forked trichomes, not veined, base obtuse, apex acute to subacuminate; style (0.1-)0.3-0.8(-1) mm. Seeds black to dark brown, ovate, (0.7-)1-1.5 × 0.5-0.9(-1) mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Aug. 2n = 40*.
線葉葶藶生長環境
生長在海拔3600-4000米的陰坡。