异叶楼梯草查看源代码讨论查看历史
| 异叶楼梯草 |
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中文名:异叶楼梯草 学 名:Elatostema monandrum (D. Don) Hara 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:荨麻目 科:荨麻科 属:楼梯草属 种:异叶楼梯草 |
异叶楼梯草（yì yè lóu tī cǎo，学名：Elatostema monandrum (D. Don) Hara）是荨麻科、楼梯草属 植物。小草本。通常不分枝，叶多对生，正常叶自宽椭圆形至斜椭圆形或斜披针形。分布于中国西藏（察隅、墨脱、林芝、波密、定结、吉隆、聂拉木）、四川西南部、云南和贵州西部。 [1]
异叶楼梯草形态特征
小草本。茎高5-20厘米,通常不分枝,下部有疏柔毛,上部无毛。叶多对生,具短柄；
正常叶自宽椭圆形至斜椭圆形或斜披针形,长0.3-4厘米,全缘或边缘上部有疏齿,无毛或近无毛,3出脉,侧脉每侧1-2条；退化叶小,椭圆形至披针形,长2-6毫米。雌雄异株。
雄花序近无梗,直径1.5-2毫米,有3-10花；花序托不明显；苞片约2,卵形,长2-2.5毫米；小苞片披针形至线形,长1-2毫米；雄花无毛: 花被片4,淡紫色,狭长圆形,长约1.2毫米；雄蕊4。
雌花序有极短梗,直径2-5毫米,有多数花；花序托小或呈盘状；苞片少数,卵形,长约1.8毫米；小苞片匙状线形,长约1毫米。瘦果长约0.9毫米,约有6条纵棱。花期6-8月。[2]
分类文献
Elatostema monandrum (D. Don) Hara in Ohashi, Fl. East. Himal. 3rd. Rep. 21. 1975; W. T. Wang in Bull. Bot. Lab. N.-E. For. Inst. 7: 37. 1980; 西藏植物志1: 551. 1983; 云南种子植物名录, 上册, 723. 1984; 贵州植物志4: 49. 1989. ——Procris monandra D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 61. 1825. ——P. diversifolia Wall. Cat. n. 4631. 1831, nom. nud.——P. elegans Wall. Cat. n. 4632. 1831, nom nud. ——Elatostema surculosum Wight, Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. 6: t. 2091, f. 4. 1853. ——E. diversi foli-s um Wedd. in DC. Prodr. 16 (1): 189. 1869. ——E. surculosum var. elegan Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 573. 1888; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 149. 1929. ——Pellionia mairei Levl. in Mde. d. Plts. 18: 28. 1916.
Procris monandra D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 61. 1825; Elatostema diversifolium Weddell; E. monandrum f. ciliatum (J. D. Hooker) Hara; E. monandrum f. pinnatifidum (J. D. Hooker) Hara; E. monandrum var. ciliatum (J. D. Hooker) Murti; E. monandrum var. pinnatifidum (J. D. Hooker) Murti; E. muscicola W. T. Wang; E. surculosum Wight; E. surculosum var. ciliatum J. D. Hooker; E. surculosum var. elegans J. D. Hooker; E. surculosum var. pinnatifidum J. D. Hooker; Pellionia mairei H. Léveillé.
Herbs dioecious, 5-20 cm tall. Stems ascending or erect, usually simple, pilose, furfuraceous. Leaves usually opposite, glabrous or glabrescent; nanophylls elliptic to lanceolate, 2-6 mm; stipules obscure; petiole 1-2 mm; leaf blade obliquely cuneate, obliquely elliptic, or lanceolate, 0.8-4(-6.5) × 0.4-1.2(-2) cm, herbaceous or membranous, major basal lateral veins both arising at base of leaf blade, cystoliths conspicuous, sparse or present only along margins; base obliquely cuneate, margin dentate or pinnatifid, apex acutate to acuminate. Male inflorescences solitary, simple, 1.5-2 mm in diam.; peduncle 0-1 mm; receptacle obscure; bracts connate, 2-2.5 mm; bracteoles lanceolate to linear. Female inflorescences solitary, 2-5 mm in diam., sessile; receptacle small; bracts broadly ovate; bracteoles spatulate-linear. Male flowers 4-merous. Achenes ellipsoid, 6-ribbed. Fl. Jun-Oct.
Mountain or valley forests, streamsides, dark damp rocks, valley precipices, on tree trunks; 800-3000 m. W Guizhou, SW Shaanxi, SW Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, N Myanmar, Nepal, Sikkim, Sri Lanka, Thailand].
异叶楼梯草产地生境
分布于中国西藏（察隅、墨脱、林芝、波密、定结、吉隆、聂拉木）、四川西南部、云南和贵州西部；尼泊尔、不丹、印度北部也有分布。生于海拔2000-2800米的山地林中或阴处石上。[3]