西南叶下珠查看源代码讨论查看历史
西南叶下珠 |
中文学名:西南叶下珠 别 称:鲤下子、察瓦龙叶下 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 纲:双子叶植物纲 亚 纲:原始花被亚纲 目:大戟目 亚 目:大戟亚目 科:大戟科Euphorbiaceae 亚 科:叶下珠亚科 属:叶下珠属Phyllanthus 种:西南叶下珠 海 拔:1500-4000 |
西南叶下珠(xī nán yè xià zhū,学 名:Phyllanthus tsarongensis W. W. Smith),为双子叶植物纲、大戟亚目、大戟科植物。 国内分布于四川、云南和西藏等省区。国外分布于印度。 [1]
西南叶下珠形态特征
西南叶下珠为灌木,高达3米;枝条粗壮,灰褐色;小枝纤细,具棱,绿色,长5-10厘米,幼时被微毛,老时变无毛。
叶片纸质至厚纸质,长圆形或披针形,着生在花枝上和小枝中部的叶较大,长达1厘米,宽达5毫米,而着生在小枝基部和顶部的叶较小,长2-5毫米,宽1-3毫米,顶端钝,有短小尖头,基部浅心形,两面无毛,边缘背卷,上面中脉和侧脉扁平,下面凸起,侧脉每边5-6条;叶柄长0.5毫米;托叶线状披针形,长约1毫米,宿存。
花淡黄色,雌雄同株,4-6朵簇生于叶腋;花梗长约1毫米,基部有鳞片状小苞片;雄花:萼片6,长圆形,长约1毫米,全缘;花盘腺体6,近圆形;雄蕊3,与萼片近等长,花丝合生成柱状,花药长圆形,药室纵裂;
雌花:萼片6,与雄花的相似;花盘盘状,不分裂,稍肉质;子房扁球形,平滑,3室,花柱3,分离,顶端扩大,浅2裂,裂片外卷。
蒴果扁球状,长2.5毫米,宽3.5毫米,平滑;种子淡黄色,三棱形,长约1.5-2毫米,表面平滑。 [2]
Phyllanthus tsarongensis W. W. Smith in Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 13: 177. 1921; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 223. 1931; P. T. Li in Acta Phytotax. Sin.25: 373. 1987. ——Phyllanthus hookri auctt., non Muell. Arg.: Croiz. in Journ. Jap. Bot. 16: 652. 1940; Chin in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 19: 346. 1981.
Shrubs up to 3 m tall; branches robust, gray-brown; branchlets slender, 5-10 cm, angular, green, puberulent when young, glabrescent. Stipules linear-lanceolate, ca. 1 mm, persistent; petiole ca. 0.5 mm; leaf blade oblong or lanceolate, usually largest on flowering branches and middle parts of branchlets, ca. 10 × 5 mm, 2-5 × 1-3 mm at upper and lower parts of branchlets, papery to thickly so, base shallowly cordate, margin revolute, apex obtuse and mucronulate; midrib and lateral veins flattened adaxially, raised abaxially, lateral veins 5 or 6 pairs. Plants monoecious. Inflorescence a 4-6-flowered axillary fascicle; pedicels ca. 1 mm, with scaly bracteoles at base. Male flowers: sepals 6, oblong, ca. 1 mm, yellowish, entire; disk glands 6, round; stamens 3, nearly as long as sepals; filaments connate; anthers oblong, thecae longitudinally dehiscent. Female flowers: sepals 6, as in male; disk disk-shaped, slightly fleshy, entire; ovary oblate, smooth, 3-celled; styles 3, free, enlarged and shallowly bifid at apex, lobes revolute. Capsules oblate, ca. 2.5 × 3.5 mm, smooth. Seed triangular, 1.5-2 mm, yellowish, smooth. Fl. Jul-Oct, fr. Oct-Dec.
● Open montane forests or scrub; 1500-4000 m. Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan.
All parts are used as medicine for urolithiasis.
西南叶下珠生长环境
西南叶下珠生于海拔1500-4000米山地灌丛中或山坡疏林下。