西南葉下珠檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
西南葉下珠 |
中文學名:西南葉下珠 別 稱:鯉下子、察瓦龍葉下 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:大戟目 亞 目:大戟亞目 科:大戟科Euphorbiaceae 亞 科:葉下珠亞科 屬:葉下珠屬Phyllanthus 種:西南葉下珠 海 拔:1500-4000 |
西南葉下珠(xī nán yè xià zhū,學 名:Phyllanthus tsarongensis W. W. Smith),為雙子葉植物綱、大戟亞目、大戟科植物。 國內分布於四川、雲南和西藏等省區。國外分布於印度。 [1]
西南葉下珠形態特徵
西南葉下珠為灌木,高達3米;枝條粗壯,灰褐色;小枝纖細,具棱,綠色,長5-10厘米,幼時被微毛,老時變無毛。
葉片紙質至厚紙質,長圓形或披針形,着生在花枝上和小枝中部的葉較大,長達1厘米,寬達5毫米,而着生在小枝基部和頂部的葉較小,長2-5毫米,寬1-3毫米,頂端鈍,有短小尖頭,基部淺心形,兩面無毛,邊緣背卷,上面中脈和側脈扁平,下面凸起,側脈每邊5-6條;葉柄長0.5毫米;托葉線狀披針形,長約1毫米,宿存。
花淡黃色,雌雄同株,4-6朵簇生於葉腋;花梗長約1毫米,基部有鱗片狀小苞片;雄花:萼片6,長圓形,長約1毫米,全緣;花盤腺體6,近圓形;雄蕊3,與萼片近等長,花絲合生成柱狀,花葯長圓形,藥室縱裂;
雌花:萼片6,與雄花的相似;花盤盤狀,不分裂,稍肉質;子房扁球形,平滑,3室,花柱3,分離,頂端擴大,淺2裂,裂片外卷。
蒴果扁球狀,長2.5毫米,寬3.5毫米,平滑;種子淡黃色,三棱形,長約1.5-2毫米,表面平滑。 [2]
Phyllanthus tsarongensis W. W. Smith in Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 13: 177. 1921; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 223. 1931; P. T. Li in Acta Phytotax. Sin.25: 373. 1987. ——Phyllanthus hookri auctt., non Muell. Arg.: Croiz. in Journ. Jap. Bot. 16: 652. 1940; Chin in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 19: 346. 1981.
Shrubs up to 3 m tall; branches robust, gray-brown; branchlets slender, 5-10 cm, angular, green, puberulent when young, glabrescent. Stipules linear-lanceolate, ca. 1 mm, persistent; petiole ca. 0.5 mm; leaf blade oblong or lanceolate, usually largest on flowering branches and middle parts of branchlets, ca. 10 × 5 mm, 2-5 × 1-3 mm at upper and lower parts of branchlets, papery to thickly so, base shallowly cordate, margin revolute, apex obtuse and mucronulate; midrib and lateral veins flattened adaxially, raised abaxially, lateral veins 5 or 6 pairs. Plants monoecious. Inflorescence a 4-6-flowered axillary fascicle; pedicels ca. 1 mm, with scaly bracteoles at base. Male flowers: sepals 6, oblong, ca. 1 mm, yellowish, entire; disk glands 6, round; stamens 3, nearly as long as sepals; filaments connate; anthers oblong, thecae longitudinally dehiscent. Female flowers: sepals 6, as in male; disk disk-shaped, slightly fleshy, entire; ovary oblate, smooth, 3-celled; styles 3, free, enlarged and shallowly bifid at apex, lobes revolute. Capsules oblate, ca. 2.5 × 3.5 mm, smooth. Seed triangular, 1.5-2 mm, yellowish, smooth. Fl. Jul-Oct, fr. Oct-Dec.
● Open montane forests or scrub; 1500-4000 m. Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan.
All parts are used as medicine for urolithiasis.
西南葉下珠生長環境
西南葉下珠生於海拔1500-4000米山地灌叢中或山坡疏林下。