盧豆檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
| 盧豆 |
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中文學名:盧豆 拉丁學名:Trigonella coerulea 界:植物界 目:豆目 科:豆科 屬:胡盧巴屬 |
盧豆(lú dòu)，一年生草本，高30-60厘米。莖直立或近直立，多分枝。花期7-8 月，果期8-9月。原產歐洲(中南部),在我國東北北部(黑龍江省呼瑪縣,湯原縣)曾見有栽培。 [1]
盧豆形態特徵
盧豆 葉為羽狀複葉,具3小葉;托葉披針狀錐形,下部常有牙齒,基部與葉柄連合;下部小葉較寬,一般為卵形或長圓形,有時為橢圓形；
上部小葉較狹,成狹長圓形或長圓形,長12-40毫米,寬4-15毫米；先端鈍或漸尖,具小刺尖,基部楔形或稍圓,邊緣具牙齒,表面無毛,背面沿中脈有疏毛。
總狀花序多花,密集成頭狀,生於腋出的總花梗頂端,果期花序不延長,亦不疏鬆;萼鍾狀,萼筒與萼齒近等長;花冠淡藍色,長5-6毫米,旗瓣長圓狀卵形,頂端深凹,基部具長爪,翼瓣長圓形,頂端圓,基部具長爪及彎曲的耳部,龍骨瓣較短;
子房卵形,花柱線形,柱頭頭狀。莢果小,近橢圓形,膨脹,兩面凸,長2.5-4.5毫米(不包括喙長),寬2-2.5毫米,頂端具長而尖的喙,表面具脈紋,內含1-2粒種子。[2]
英文介紹
Trifolium caeruleum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 764. 1753 [T. "M. caerulea"]; Melilotus caeruleus (Linnaeus) Desrousseaux.
Annual herbs, 30-60(-80) cm. Stems straight, thick, terete, glabrescent, branched. Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate; stipules subulate-lanceolate; petioles 1-4 cm; leaflets ovate to broadly elliptic, 15-35 × 4-15 mm, sparsely pubescent on midrib abax-ially, glabrous adaxially, lateral veins 8-10 pairs, base cuneate or rounded, margin serrate, apex obtuse or acute. Racemes capitate or ovoid, 10-25-flowered; peduncles axillary, ca. 6 cm, straight, glabrous; bracts bristlelike, ca. 1.5 mm; pedicel ca. 1 mm. Calyx ca. 3 mm, membranous, veins 5. Corolla blue, 5-6 mm; standard longest petal, keel shortest. Ovary ovate, gla-brous; ovules 5-7. Legume ovoid, 2.5-5 × ca. 2.5 mm, apex tapering and beaked, longer than body. Seeds 1 or 2, brown, broadly ovoid, ca. 2 mm, tuberculate. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Jul-Sep.
Cultivated or escaped on wastelands. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi [widely cultivated in Asia and Europe; of cultivated origin].
Trigonella caerulea is apparently nowhere indigenous and was probably derived from T. procumbens (Besser) Reichenbach (Ivimey-Cook in Tutin et al., Fl. Eur. 2: 152. 1968).Trigonella caerulea is apparently nowhere indigenous and was probably derived from T. procumbens (Besser) Reichenbach (Ivimey-Cook in Tutin et al., Fl. Eur. 2: 152. 1968).
盧豆分布範圍
盧豆 本種原產歐洲(中南部),在我國東北北部(黑龍江省呼瑪縣,湯原縣)曾見有栽培;在其他各省則未見有之。[3]
盧豆主要價值
與胡盧巴相同,種子藥用,全株干後供除蟲及熏衣用。並可為飼料。[4]