尾葉異形木檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
尾葉異形木 |
門:被子植物門(Angiospermae) 綱:雙子葉植物綱(Magnoliopsida) 亞 綱:薔薇亞綱(Rosidae) 目:桃金娘目(Myrtales) 科:野牡丹科(Melastomataceae) 族:尖子木族(Oxysporeae Triana) 屬:異形木屬(Allomorphia Blume) 種:尾葉異形木 分布區域:雲南東南部、 |
尾葉異形木(學名 Allomorphia urophylla Diels.)是野牡丹科、異形木屬灌木,分布於雲南東南部、廣西西部及大苗山。 圖片取自中國植物圖庫 [1]
尾葉異形木形態特徵
灌木,高1-2米;莖圓柱形,幼時密被銹色糠秕及柔毛,很快即脫落,皮黑色, 尾葉異形木 以後呈灰褐色,分枝多,節上常膨大。
葉片紙質,橢圓形至披針狀橢圓形,頂端長漸尖或近尾狀漸尖,基部楔形或寬楔形,長7-14厘米,寬3-5.5厘米,稀長達18厘米,寬7厘米,全緣或略具細密齒,3-5基出脈,葉面幾無毛或被銹色疏糠秕(常很快脫落),基出脈微凹,背面多少被銹色糠秕,以脈上為多,基出脈、側脈隆起,常具瘤狀橫紋,細脈不明顯;柄葉長1-2厘米,幼時密被銹色糠秕及柔毛,以後漸脫落,但槽內柔毛保存較久。
由聚傘花序組成的狹圓錐花序,生於分枝頂端,長9-16厘米,寬2-3厘米,密被糠秕及疏柔毛或稀幾無毛,每個小聚傘花序總梗長2-6(-10)毫米,花梗長約1毫米;花萼長約5毫米,多少具疏糠秕,裂片4,小,三角形,長不到1毫米;花瓣4,紅色、粉紅色或紫紅色,廣倒卵形,上部偏斜,長約3毫米;雄蕊8,常偏向1側,花絲與花葯近等長,藥隔基部微膨大,無距;子房下位,卵形,4室,頂端有8枚小齒。
蒴果橢圓形或近卵形,長約4毫米,直徑3毫米;宿存萼較果長,有時帶紫紅色,多少被糠秕或幾無,長約5毫米,萼片三角形,有8條明顯的縱肋。花期7-9(-10)月,果期11-12月至翌年1月。 [2]
Allomorphia urophylla Diels in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 65: 102. 1932; H. L. Li in Journ. Arn. Arb. 25: 10. 1944; S. Y. Hu 1. c. 33: 166. 1952; 雲南植物志2: 94. 1979.
Shrubs 1-2 m tall. Stems terete, densely furfuraceous and pubescent when young, glabrescent; bark black; branchlets numerous. Petiole 1-2 cm, densely furfuraceous and pubescent when young; leaf blade elliptic to lanceolate-elliptic, 7-14(-18) × 3-5.5(-7) cm, papery, abaxially ± furfuraceous, adaxially glabrescent or sparsely furfuraceous when young, secondary veins 1 or 2 on each side of midvein, base cuneate to broadly cuneate, margin entire or slightly sparsely serrulate, apex acuminate to caudate-acuminate. Inflorescences terminal, narrowly paniculate cymose, (9-)11-16 × 2-3 cm, densely furfuraceous and pubescent or glabrescent. Pedicel ca. 1 mm. Hypanthium narrowly funnelform, ca. 5 mm, ± furfuraceous. Calyx lobes 4, narrowly triangular, to 1 mm. Petals 4, pink, red, or reddish purple, broadly ovate, ca. 3 mm, oblique. Stamens 8, inclined to one side; filaments ca. 4 mm; anthers ca. 4 mm; connective slightly inflated, not spurred. Ovary inferior, ovoid, 4-celled, apex 8-denticulate. Capsule ellipsoid to subovoid, ca. 4 × 3 mm; hypanthium ca. 5 mm, longitudinally 8-ribbed, ± furfuraceous but mostly glabrescent; calyx lobes triangular. Fl. Jul-Sep, fr. Nov-Dec.
尾葉異形木生長環境
生長於海拔500-1700 (-2000)米的密林下,濕潤的地方。