滇南蒴蓮檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
| 滇南蒴蓮 |
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中文學名:滇南蒴蓮 拉丁學名:Adenia penangiana (Wall. ex G. Don) Wilde 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 綱:雙子葉植物綱 亞 綱:原始花被亞綱 目:側膜胎座目 亞 目:山茶亞目 科:西番蓮科 屬:蒴蓮屬 |
滇南蒴蓮（學名：Adenia penangiana），為西番蓮科蒴蓮屬下的一個植物種。產雲南（勐臘、曼東）。生於海拔500米的密林中。安達曼群島、尼科巴島、馬來半島、泰國、老撾、越南也有分布。 [1]
滇南蒴蓮形態特徵
整體 藤本，完全無毛；枝條纖細，具線紋。
葉 葉近革質，長圓形或長圓狀披針形，長15-18厘米，寬3-4厘米，先端漸尖，基部圓形，全緣，基出脈3條，側脈2-5對，網脈稀疏，下面可見；葉柄長1.5-2厘米，在頂端具2個杯形腺體。
花
傘形花序成對，生於極長的腋生花序梗頂端，中間花及花梗形成卷鬚狀；花為單性者，雄花；花萼鍾狀，中部以上5裂，裂片線狀長圓形，長5-6毫米，先端鈍，反折；花瓣5枚，倒披針形，先端截形，較萼片短，着生萼管中部；副花冠裂片長圓形，長3毫米；雄蕊5枚，長5毫米，花葯長圓形，頂端尖突，花絲基部合生成管；雌花未見。
果 蒴果紡錘形，老熟猩紅色，光滑，有光澤，革質；果梗長3-4厘米；種子多數，近圓形，直徑約10毫米，扁平，種皮褐色，具網狀皺紋，着生於長達1厘米的種柄上。[2]
Adenia penangiana (Wall. ex G. Don) Wilde in Blumea 15: 266. 1967: 雲南植物志1: 52. 1977; S. Y. Bao in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22 (1): 62. 1984. ——Passiflora penangiana Wall. (in Cat. 1233. 1829, nom. nud.) ex G. Don in Gen. Syst. Gard. Bot. 3: 55. 1834. ——Disemma penangiana (Wall.) Miq. in Fl. Ind. Bot. 1: 700. 1855. ——Modecca nicobarica Kurz. in Journ. Bot. 13: 326. 1875; Masters in Hook. f. in Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 603. 1879. ——Adenia nicobarica (Kurz.) King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 71: 52. 1902; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 2: 1029. 1921; Craib in Fl. Siam. Enum. 1: 747. 1931, cum vars.: G. Cusset in Fl. Cambodge Laos Vietnam 5: 148. 1967. ——Adenia parvifolia Pierre ex Gagnep. in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 25: 17. 1919; G. Cusset in Fl. Cambodge Laos Vietnam 5: 149. 1967.
Vines, to 6 m long, glabrous. Rootstock tuberous. Stems terete, slender; internodes 1-10 cm; tendrils simple or 3-forked, 1-10 cm. Stipules triangular, ca. 0.5 mm; petioles 0.5-2 cm; glands at blade-petiole junction 2, on slightly bi-lobed peltate extension of base of blade, ca. 1 mm in diam.; leaf blade elliptic to lanceolate, 2-16 × 0.5-4 cm, membranous to leathery, not punctate, glands near leaf margin 0-9, base rounded, margin entire, apex acute to acuminate. Plants (monoecious or) dioecious. Inflorescences usually tendrillate, occasionally of short racemose shoots, pedunculate for 1-10 cm, to 30-flowered in males, 1-3-flowered in females; bracts and bracteoles triangular, ca. 1 mm, apex acute. Pedicel 0.5-4 mm. Flowers narrowly campanulate, 6-17 × 1-4 mm; stipe cream-colored, 1-7 mm. Hypanthium narrowly cup-shaped, 1-2.5 mm deep. Calyx tube to 2 mm; lobes reflexed, oblong to linear, 4-15 mm, apex entire to irregular, rounded to acute. Petals inserted at level of corona, elliptic to linear, 4-10 mm, apex serrulate, rounded to acute. Septa 0.25-2 mm high. Corona laciniate, membranous, occasionally of woolly filaments at apex of hypanthium. Disk glands linear, ca. 1 mm, truncate. Male flowers: filaments 2-3 mm, connate for ca. 2 mm, inserted at base of hypanthium, septa occasionally spanning entire length of hypanthium; anthers ca. 3 × 0.5 mm, to 1 mm apiculate; vestigial ovary including gynophore ca. 1 mm. Female flowers: staminodes ca. 1 mm, connate for ca. 0.5 mm, inserted at base of hypanthium; ovary 3-6 mm; gynophore ca. 0.5 mm; styles 1-2 mm, connate for up to 0.5 mm; stigmas globose, woolly. Capsules 1 per inflorescence, scarlet at dehiscence, oblong, ca. 4 × 2 cm, with gynophore to 4 cm, exocarp and mesocarp leathery. Seeds ca. 10 per capsule, subglobose or flattened; funicles of seeds 5-10 mm. Fl. and fr. throughout year, mostly around Oct.
滇南蒴蓮花果期
花期不詳，果期10月。
滇南蒴蓮生長環境
生長於海拔500米的密林中
滇南蒴蓮分布範圍
分布於勐臘（曼東），安達曼群島、尼科巴島、馬來半島、泰國、老撾、越南也有分布。