紫色鳳仙花檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史
| 紫色鳳仙花 |
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中文名:紫色鳳仙花 學 名:Impatiens porphyrea Toppin 界:植物界 門:被子植物門 Angiospermae 綱:雙子葉植物綱 Dicotyledoneae 目:無患子目 Sapindales 亞 目:鳳仙亞目 Balsamineae 科:鳳仙花科 Balsaminaceae 屬:鳳仙花屬 Impatiens |
紫色鳳仙花，屬於被子植物門 Angiospermae、雙子葉植物綱 Dicotyledoneae、原始花被亞綱 Archichlamydeae植物。 [1]
Plants ?annual, 1-2 m tall. Leaves alternate, somewhat crowded at upper part of stem, petiolate or sessile in upper leaves; petiole 0.5-2 cm; leaf blade elliptic, ovate, or lanceolate, 7-15 × 2.5-6 cm, both surfaces nearly glabrous, base cuneate, margin crenate, apex acute. Inflorescences in upper leaf axils, ascending, racemose, 3-5-flowered, or 1-flowered; peduncles 3-5 cm, glabrous. Pedicels ca. 2 cm, glabrous, bracteate at base; bracts persistent, ovate, 3-4 mm, apex acute. Flowers dark red-purple, ca. 2 cm, ca. 3 cm deep. Lateral sepals 4; outer 2: navicular, ovate or lanceolate, 4-5(-8) mm, apex acute; inner 2: minute, shorter than 1 mm, membranous. Lower sepal dark red-purple, navicular, narrowed into a slightly recurved spur ca. 1.3 cm, ca. 2.5 cm deep including spur; mouth tip rostellate. Upper petal slightly cucullate, orbicular, ca. 1 cm in diam., apex slightly retuse, abaxial midvein slightly carinate; lateral united petals dark red-purple, ca. 2 cm, 2-lobed; basal lobes oblong-orbicular to orbicular, ca. 1.2 × 0.5 cm, apex rounded; distal lobes loriform, ca. 1.2 × 0.3 cm, apex rounded; auricle inflexed, narrowly lunate. Anthers obtuse. Capsule linear. Fl. Oct. 2n = 18.
Forests; 1700-1900 m. SW Yunnan [N Myanmar].
One of us (Chen) noted that according to the description and illustration, this species seems to be similar to Impatiens taronensis.
恩格勒系統（1964）
相關類群
神父鳳仙花 I. abbatis 烏頭鳳仙花 I. aconitoides 太子鳳仙花 I. alpicola 迷人鳳仙花 I. amabilis 抱莖鳳仙花 I. amplexicaulis 棱莖鳳仙花 I. angulata 安徽鳳仙花 I. anhuiensis 大葉鳳仙花 I. apalophylla 川西鳳仙花 I. apsotis 水鳳仙花 I. aquatilis
鳳仙花植物文化
鳳仙花，花如其名。清代康熙皇帝命內閣學士汪灝等撰成的《廣群芳譜》記述鳳仙：「椏間開花，頭翅尾足俱翹然如鳳狀，故又有金鳳之名。」其在百花中的地位雖不比梅、蘭、竹、菊、牡丹和芍藥，甚至曾被蘇門四學士之一的張耒貶為「菊婢」，但鳳仙花以其頑強的生命力和獨特的風姿贏得了人們的喜愛。自古以來總有愛花之人對鳳仙花情有獨鍾，更有文人不吝筆墨吟詠鳳仙。
唐代詩人李賀在《宮娃歌》中寫道：「蠟光高懸照紗空，花房夜搗紅守宮」，又吳仁壁有詠《鳳仙花》：「此際最宜何處看，朝陽初上碧梧枝」，再如宋代楊萬里的《鳳仙花》：「細看金鳳小花叢，費盡司花染作工」。此外，元代楊維楨、明代瞿佑、清代劉灝等均有以鳳仙花為題的詩句。
清人趙學敏所著《鳳仙譜》是一本園藝特色的著作。在趙學敏的眼中，其它花草如罌粟、虞美人、雞冠花等，「或失之期短，或失之質陋，然鳳仙花無二者之病，故當為著專譜」可見其對鳳仙的喜愛之情。