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六蕊节节菜

原图链接 来自植物智

中文学名:六蕊节节菜 界:植物界 目:桃金娘目 属:节节菜属 种:六蕊节节菜

六蕊节节菜(liù ruǐ jié jié cài，学名 Rotala hexandra Wallich ex Koehne， 异名：Rotala kainantensis )，一年生草本，少有多年生，无毛或近无毛。

生态特征

叶交互对生或轮生，稀互生，无柄或近无柄。

花小，3-6基数，辐射对称，单生叶腋，或组成顶生或腋生的穗状花序或总状花序，常无花梗；小苞片2枚；萼筒钟形至半球形或壶形，干膜质，稀革质，3-6裂，裂片间无附属体，或有而成刚毛状；花瓣3-6，细小或无，宿存或早落；雄蕊1-6；子房2-5室，花柱短或细长，柱头盘状。

蒴果不完全为宿存的萼管包围，室间开裂成2-5瓣，软骨质，果壁在放大镜下可见有密的横纹；种子细小。

Rotala kainantensis Masamune.

Herbs, annual, amphibious, to 40 cm. Stem ultimately erect, distinctly 4-winged. Leaves decussate, lanceolate to oblong, 1-3 cm, base cuneate to cordate or auriculate, apex obtuse. Bracts like foliage leaves; stipular growths present on nodes near leaf bases, to 2 mm. Flowers solitary, shortly pedicellate, axillary. Floral tube 6-merous, campanulate, ca. 2 mm, distinctly ribbed; sepals 6; epicalyx absent; bracteoles linear, less than 1/2 as long as floral tube. Petals 6, ca. 1 mm, surpassing sepals. Stamens 6, nearly free from tube at base of ovary; anthers exserted. Ovary globose, 4-loculed; style exserted. Capsule subglobose, ca. 1.5 mm in diam., slightly exserted, possibly irregularly dehiscent. Seeds 0.6-1 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul-Dec.

Hainan [Indonesia, Myanmar, Philippines].

分布与为害

节节菜主要分布在长江流域及其以南地区，黄河流域的华中、陕西也有分布。

在灌水条件较好、水稻中后期长期浸水、保水的稻田为害尤重。严重田块密布如毡，降低水温、土温，与水稻争水争肥，严重影响水稻分蘖及抽穗结实，因节节菜匍匐生长、节节生根，往往形成单一优势群落。