六蕊節節菜檢視原始碼討論檢視歷史

六蕊節節菜

原圖鏈接 來自植物智

中文學名:六蕊節節菜 界:植物界 目:桃金娘目 屬:節節菜屬 種:六蕊節節菜

六蕊節節菜(liù ruǐ jié jié cài，學名 Rotala hexandra Wallich ex Koehne， 異名：Rotala kainantensis )，一年生草本，少有多年生，無毛或近無毛。

生態特徵

葉交互對生或輪生，稀互生，無柄或近無柄。

花小，3-6基數，輻射對稱，單生葉腋，或組成頂生或腋生的穗狀花序或總狀花序，常無花梗；小苞片2枚；萼筒鐘形至半球形或壺形，干膜質，稀革質，3-6裂，裂片間無附屬體，或有而成剛毛狀；花瓣3-6，細小或無，宿存或早落；雄蕊1-6；子房2-5室，花柱短或細長，柱頭盤狀。

蒴果不完全為宿存的萼管包圍，室間開裂成2-5瓣，軟骨質，果壁在放大鏡下可見有密的橫紋；種子細小。

Rotala kainantensis Masamune.

Herbs, annual, amphibious, to 40 cm. Stem ultimately erect, distinctly 4-winged. Leaves decussate, lanceolate to oblong, 1-3 cm, base cuneate to cordate or auriculate, apex obtuse. Bracts like foliage leaves; stipular growths present on nodes near leaf bases, to 2 mm. Flowers solitary, shortly pedicellate, axillary. Floral tube 6-merous, campanulate, ca. 2 mm, distinctly ribbed; sepals 6; epicalyx absent; bracteoles linear, less than 1/2 as long as floral tube. Petals 6, ca. 1 mm, surpassing sepals. Stamens 6, nearly free from tube at base of ovary; anthers exserted. Ovary globose, 4-loculed; style exserted. Capsule subglobose, ca. 1.5 mm in diam., slightly exserted, possibly irregularly dehiscent. Seeds 0.6-1 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul-Dec.

Hainan [Indonesia, Myanmar, Philippines].

分布與為害

節節菜主要分布在長江流域及其以南地區，黃河流域的華中、陝西也有分布。

在灌水條件較好、水稻中後期長期浸水、保水的稻田為害尤重。嚴重田塊密布如氈，降低水溫、土溫，與水稻爭水爭肥，嚴重影響水稻分櫱及抽穗結實，因節節菜匍匐生長、節節生根，往往形成單一優勢群落。