紫色凤仙花
| 紫色凤仙花 |
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中文名:紫色凤仙花 学 名:Impatiens porphyrea Toppin 界:植物界 门:被子植物门 Angiospermae 纲:双子叶植物纲 Dicotyledoneae 目:无患子目 Sapindales 亚 目:凤仙亚目 Balsamineae 科:凤仙花科 Balsaminaceae 属:凤仙花属 Impatiens |
紫色凤仙花，属于被子植物门 Angiospermae、双子叶植物纲 Dicotyledoneae、原始花被亚纲 Archichlamydeae植物。 [1]
Plants ?annual, 1-2 m tall. Leaves alternate, somewhat crowded at upper part of stem, petiolate or sessile in upper leaves; petiole 0.5-2 cm; leaf blade elliptic, ovate, or lanceolate, 7-15 × 2.5-6 cm, both surfaces nearly glabrous, base cuneate, margin crenate, apex acute. Inflorescences in upper leaf axils, ascending, racemose, 3-5-flowered, or 1-flowered; peduncles 3-5 cm, glabrous. Pedicels ca. 2 cm, glabrous, bracteate at base; bracts persistent, ovate, 3-4 mm, apex acute. Flowers dark red-purple, ca. 2 cm, ca. 3 cm deep. Lateral sepals 4; outer 2: navicular, ovate or lanceolate, 4-5(-8) mm, apex acute; inner 2: minute, shorter than 1 mm, membranous. Lower sepal dark red-purple, navicular, narrowed into a slightly recurved spur ca. 1.3 cm, ca. 2.5 cm deep including spur; mouth tip rostellate. Upper petal slightly cucullate, orbicular, ca. 1 cm in diam., apex slightly retuse, abaxial midvein slightly carinate; lateral united petals dark red-purple, ca. 2 cm, 2-lobed; basal lobes oblong-orbicular to orbicular, ca. 1.2 × 0.5 cm, apex rounded; distal lobes loriform, ca. 1.2 × 0.3 cm, apex rounded; auricle inflexed, narrowly lunate. Anthers obtuse. Capsule linear. Fl. Oct. 2n = 18.
Forests; 1700-1900 m. SW Yunnan [N Myanmar].
One of us (Chen) noted that according to the description and illustration, this species seems to be similar to Impatiens taronensis.
目录
恩格勒系统（1964）
相关类群
神父凤仙花 I. abbatis 乌头凤仙花 I. aconitoides 太子凤仙花 I. alpicola 迷人凤仙花 I. amabilis 抱茎凤仙花 I. amplexicaulis 棱茎凤仙花 I. angulata 安徽凤仙花 I. anhuiensis 大叶凤仙花 I. apalophylla 川西凤仙花 I. apsotis 水凤仙花 I. aquatilis
凤仙花植物文化
凤仙花，花如其名。清代康熙皇帝命内阁学士汪灏等撰成的《广群芳谱》记述凤仙：“桠间开花，头翅尾足俱翘然如凤状，故又有金凤之名。”其在百花中的地位虽不比梅、兰、竹、菊、牡丹和芍药，甚至曾被苏门四学士之一的张耒贬为“菊婢”，但凤仙花以其顽强的生命力和独特的风姿赢得了人们的喜爱。自古以来总有爱花之人对凤仙花情有独钟，更有文人不吝笔墨吟咏凤仙。
唐代诗人李贺在《宫娃歌》中写道：“蜡光高悬照纱空，花房夜捣红守宫”，又吴仁壁有咏《凤仙花》：“此际最宜何处看，朝阳初上碧梧枝”，再如宋代杨万里的《凤仙花》：“细看金凤小花丛，费尽司花染作工”。此外，元代杨维桢、明代瞿佑、清代刘灏等均有以凤仙花为题的诗句。
清人赵学敏所著《凤仙谱》是一本园艺特色的著作。在赵学敏的眼中，其它花草如罂粟、虞美人、鸡冠花等，“或失之期短，或失之质陋，然凤仙花无二者之病，故当为著专谱”可见其对凤仙的喜爱之情。