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梭果黄耆
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| [[File:梭果黄耆1.jpg|缩略图|居中|250px|[http://img1.iplant.cn/gotoimg/236/A4A2F955C888A924.jpg 原图链接] [http://www.iplant.cn/info/%E6%A2%AD%E6%9E%9C%E9%BB%84%E8%80%86?t=p 来自植物智]]]
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中文学名:梭果黄耆
拉丁学名:Astragalus ernestii Comb.
界:植物界
目:蔷薇目
科: [[ 豆科]] 属:[[黄耆属]]
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多年生草本,根粗壮,直伸,表皮暗褐色,直径1-2厘米。
茎直立,高30-100厘米,具条棱,无毛。
羽状复叶长7-12厘米,有9-17片小叶;叶柄长0.5-1.5厘米;托叶近膜质,离生,卵形或长圆状卵形,长10-15毫米,宽3-8毫米,先端尖,两面无毛,仅边缘散生柔毛,基部常有暗色、膨大的腺体; 小叶长圆形,稀为倒卵形,长10-24毫米,宽4-8毫米,先端钝圆,有细尖头,基部宽楔形或近圆形,两面无毛,具短柄。[[File:梭果黄耆2.jpg|缩略图|left|250px|[http://img1.iplant.cn/gotoimg/236/DCF7EBBBE65D9E06.jpg 原图链接] [http://www.iplant.cn/info/%E6%A2%AD%E6%9E%9C%E9%BB%84%E8%80%86?t=p 来自植物智]]] 密总状花序有多数花,花后稍疏;总花梗较叶长;苞片膜质,长圆形或倒卵形,长7-10毫米,宽3-4毫米,先端钝或尖,基部渐狭,边缘具黑色毛;花梗长2-3毫米,被黑色伏贴毛;花萼钟状,长9-10毫米,外面无毛,萼齿披针形,长2.5-3.5毫米,内面被黑色伏贴毛; [[File:梭果黄耆3.jpg|缩略图|left|250px|[http://img1.iplant.cn/gotoimg/236/3E19179D4308D085.jpg 原图链接] [http://www.iplant.cn/info/%E6%A2%AD%E6%9E%9C%E9%BB%84%E8%80%86?t=p 来自植物智]]] 花冠黄色,旗瓣倒卵形,长约15毫米,先端微凹,基部渐狭,翼瓣较旗瓣稍短,瓣片长圆形,宽约1.5毫米,具短耳,瓣柄长约9毫米,龙骨瓣较翼瓣稍短,长13-14毫米,瓣片半卵形,宽约3毫米,瓣柄长约8毫米;子房被柔毛,具柄。
荚果梭形,膨胀,长20-22毫米,宽约5毫米,密被黑色柔毛,果颈稍长于萼筒,1室,有种子5-6颗。
花期7月,果期8-9月。 <ref> 《中国植物志》 第42(1)卷 (1993) >> 121页 PDF >> 梭果黄耆 Astragalus ernestii</ref> Astragalus ernestii Comb. in Not. Roy. Bot. Edinb. 12: 230. 1934; Pet. -Stib. is Acta Hort. Gothob. 12: 43. 1937-1938; 中国主要植物图说·豆科409. 图403.1955; 西藏植物志 2: 832. 图271 (4-6), 1985. ——A. wilsonii Simps. in Not. RoyBor. Gard. Edinb. 8: 248. 1955, non Greene 1879. Astragalus josephii E. Peter; A. wilsonii N. D. Simpson; A. xiaojinensis Y. C. Ho. Plants 25-60 cm tall, with hairs up to 0.3 mm. Stems up to 7 mm thick, glabrous. Leaves 4-10 cm; stipules 1-1.6 cm, lower ones laterally widened into a wide auricle, spreading to deflexed, at base with minute glands; leaflets in 6-9 pairs, nar-rowly elliptic, 6-24(-40) × 2.5-10 mm, glabrous on both sur-faces or loosely to sparsely covered with appressed white hairs abaxially. Racemes densely many flowered, later elongated and up to 8 cm; peduncle 5-10 cm, glabrous; bracts green, elliptic to somewhat spatulate, 3-4 mm, black or white ciliate. Calyx greenish, campanulate-tubular, 6-8 mm, deeply split on adaxial surface, tube glabrous; teeth 2-3 mm, both sides or only inner side and margins between teeth densely shortly black hairy. Petals pale yellow or purplish blue, blackish purple when dry; standard rectangular-oblong to obovate, 13-15 × 5-8 mm; wings 11-13 mm; keel 10-13 mm. Legumes with a stipe 4-11 mm, pendulous, narrowly ovoid, 1.5-2.5 cm, 4-6 mm high, sharply keeled ventrally, narrowly rounded dorsally, apex long acuminate; valves light brownish, densely covered with very short black nearly spreading hairs, loosely hairy or glabrescent with age. ● Abies forests, subalpine and alpine meadows; 3500-4300 m. Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan.
==梭果黄耆生长环境==
生于海拔3900-4500米的山坡草地或灌丛中。<ref> 程军,夏厚林,邓跃宁等. 川产道地药材梭果黄芪中毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷和芒柄花素的含量测定. 《 CNKI 》 , 2010 </ref>
==梭果黄耆分布范围==
产 [[ 四川 ]] 西部、 [[ 云南 ]] 西北部及 [[ 西藏 ]] 东部。<ref> 郭帅,夏厚林,吴强,贾芳等. 梭果黄芪不同极性部位抗疲劳和免疫调节研究. 《 CNKI 》 , 2013 </ref> 模式标本采自四川 [[ 康定 ]] 东俄洛。
==梭果黄耆主要价值==
【藏药】塞色:花治木保病疼痛,血痢,创伤。鲜全株治疮痈《滇省志》。功用同金翼黄芪A. chry-sopterus《 [[ 藏本草 ]] 》。
==梭果黄耆参考文献==
梭果黄耆(中国主要植物图说?豆科) Astragalus ernestii Comb. in Not. Roy. Bot. Edinb. 12: 230. 1934; Pet. -Stib. is Acta Hort. Gothob. 12: 43. 1937-1938; 中国主要植物图说?豆科409. 图403. 1955; 西藏植物志 2: 832. 图271 (4-6), 1985. ——A. wilsonii Simps. in Not. Roy Bor. Gard. Edinb. 8: 248. 1955, non Greene 1879.